Bullying and Fighting, Why They Are Bad for Pre-School Level 4

Class: Pre-School Level 4
Term: Second Term
Week: 2
Age: 5 years
Duration: 30 minutes
Subject: Personal Development
Curriculum Theme: Personal Development
Previous Lesson: Being a Good Friend
Topic: Bullying and Fighting: Why They Are Bad
Subject Matter: Bullying and Fighting: Why They Are Bad

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain

• Mention at least two reasons why bullying and fighting are bad.
• Identify examples of bullying and fighting behaviour.

Affective Domain

• Understand that bullying and fighting make others feel sad and scared.
• Show a desire to be kind and friendly to their classmates.

Psychomotor Domain

• Shake hands with a classmate as a sign of friendship.
• Demonstrate how to play peacefully with others.

Social Domain

• Interact peacefully with peers during activities.
• Participate in discussions about good and bad behaviours.

Reference Materials

• NAPPS National Unified Teaching Scheme for Pre-School Level 4
• Early Childhood Care and Education resources
• Relevant storybooks on friendship and kindness

Instructional Materials

• Picture of two persons fighting
• Pictures of children playing happily
• Pictures of children looking sad or hurt
• Story cards depicting scenarios of bullying and friendship

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson is important for 5-year-olds to understand the negative impact of bullying and fighting on themselves and others. It helps them develop crucial social-emotional skills, learn to resolve conflicts peacefully, and foster a safe and friendly classroom environment, preparing them for positive interactions in school and beyond.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils know how to greet their friends, share toys, and play together in a group. They understand simple rules like “be kind” and “don’t hurt others.”

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Bullying and Fighting: Why They Are Bad

Bullying and fighting are bad because they hurt people physically and emotionally. They make others feel sad, scared, and lonely. Good friends do not bully or fight; they play nicely and help each other.

What is Bullying?

Bullying is when someone tries to make another person feel bad or scared, or takes their things without asking. It can be:

• Pushing or hitting someone
• Calling someone bad names
• Taking someone’s toy and not giving it back
• Leaving someone out of a game on purpose

Bullying makes others feel sad and not want to come to school.

What is Fighting?

Fighting is when people hit, kick, push, or shout at each other angrily. It causes pain and can lead to injuries. Fighting makes everyone unhappy and can break friendships.

Why Bullying and Fighting Are Bad

• They hurt people: Physically (bruises, cuts) and emotionally (sadness, fear).
• They make people scared: Children might be afraid to play or speak up.
• They make people lonely: No one wants to play with a bully or someone who fights.
• They cause trouble: Teachers and parents will be upset, and children might get into trouble.
• They stop us from being friends: Good friends play together, share, and help each other.

What to do Instead of Bullying or Fighting

• Be kind: Use kind words and actions.
• Share: Share toys and play space.
• Take turns: Wait for your turn patiently.
• Talk: Use your words to say how you feel.
• Tell a teacher: If someone is bullying or fighting, tell a teacher or another trusted adult immediately.
• Shake hands: Show friendship by shaking hands and smiling.

Key Words

• Bullying – Making someone feel bad or scared, or hurting them on purpose.
• Fighting – Hitting, kicking, or pushing someone angrily.
• Kind – Being nice and friendly to others.
• Friend – Someone you play with and care about.
• Peace – Playing and living together happily without fighting.

What the Teacher Should Show or Draw

• Display the picture of two persons fighting.
• Show pictures of children playing happily and children looking sad.
• Demonstrate how to shake hands properly.

No More Bullying Rhyme

Tune: Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star

Lyrics:

Bullying, bullying, oh no no,
Fighting, fighting, let them go.
Kind hands, kind words, we will show,
Happy friends, everywhere we go.
Sharing, caring, yes it’s true,
Good friends for me, and good friends for you!

Actions:

• “Bullying, bullying, oh no no”: Shake head side to side, wag finger.
• “Fighting, fighting, let them go”: Cross arms in front, then push hands forward.
• “Kind hands, kind words, we will show”: Hold hands out gently, then point to mouth.
• “Happy friends, everywhere we go”: Smile, make a big circle with arms.
• “Sharing, caring, yes it’s true”: Pretend to share, hug self.
• “Good friends for me, and good friends for you!”: Point to self, then to a friend.

How to use the rhyme: Sing the rhyme together several times, encouraging pupils to do the actions. Use it to reinforce the message of kindness and avoiding conflict.

Watch and Learn About Bullying

The teacher will show a short video to help pupils understand more about bullying and how to be kind.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_xPz7b4U90

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Storytelling, Picture Talk, Question and Answer, Demonstration, Guided Practice, Role-play, Songs and Rhymes, Discussion, Practical Activity.

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 3 minutes

Teaching Skill: Engaging/Greeting

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils warmly and leads them in a short “Good Morning” song. The teacher then asks pupils how they feel when someone is kind to them and how they feel when someone is not kind.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to greetings, sing along, and share their feelings about kind and unkind actions.

Learning Point: Pupils recall feelings associated with positive and negative interactions.

Step 2: Understanding Bullying

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation/Picture Talk

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays the picture of two persons fighting and asks pupils what they see. The teacher explains what bullying means using simple examples like pushing, calling names, or taking toys without asking. The teacher asks, “Does this make the other person happy or sad?”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the picture, respond to questions, and listen to the explanation of bullying.

Learning Point: Pupils begin to understand the concept of bullying and its negative impact.

Step 3: Understanding Fighting

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Discussion/Clarification

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher further discusses the picture, focusing on fighting. The teacher explains that fighting is when people hit, kick, or push each other angrily. The teacher asks, “Is fighting a good way to solve problems?” and “What happens when people fight?”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils participate in the discussion, sharing their thoughts on fighting and its consequences.

Learning Point: Pupils understand what fighting is and that it is not a good way to behave.

Step 4: Why Bullying and Fighting Are Bad

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explaining consequences/Empathy building

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher shows pictures of sad or hurt children. The teacher explains clearly that bullying and fighting are bad because they hurt people (physically and emotionally), make them sad and scared, and can stop people from being friends. The teacher asks, “How do you think this child feels?” (pointing to a sad picture).

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the pictures and discuss how bullying and fighting make people feel, showing empathy.

Learning Point: Pupils learn the specific reasons why bullying and fighting are harmful.

Step 5: Learning Positive Alternatives and Rhyme

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Modelling/Singing

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher introduces positive actions like sharing, taking turns, using kind words, and telling a teacher if there is a problem. The teacher then teaches the “No More Bullying Rhyme” with actions, emphasizing friendly behaviour.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen, repeat the positive actions, and sing the rhyme with actions.

Learning Point: Pupils learn alternative positive behaviours and reinforce the lesson through song.

Step 6: Practical Application – Shaking Hands

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Guided Practice

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher demonstrates how to shake hands nicely as a sign of friendship, looking at the person and smiling. The teacher then asks pupils to stand up, find a friend, and gently shake their hand, saying “Hello, friend.”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils stand, find a friend, and practice shaking hands gently with a smile.

Learning Point: Pupils practice a social skill that promotes friendship and peaceful interaction.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher checks pupils’ understanding through short questions and practical tasks.

1. “Can you tell me one reason why bullying is bad?”
2. “What should you do if someone pushes you?” (e.g., tell a teacher, say “stop”)
3. “Show me how to shake hands nicely with your friend.”
4. “What makes a good friend?”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond orally and demonstrate the required skill where appropriate.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes

Teaching Skill: Reinforcement/Closing

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher praises pupils for their participation and reminds them to always be kind, share, and play nicely with everyone. The teacher reiterates that bullying and fighting are bad and that they should always tell a grown-up if they see it happening.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and affirm their commitment to being kind and friendly.

Learning Point: Pupils internalize the importance of peaceful and friendly behaviour.

Lesson Keywords

• Bullying – Making someone feel bad or scared.
• Fighting – Hitting or pushing someone angrily.
• Kind – Being nice to others.
• Friend – Someone you play with and like.
• Peace – Being happy and calm with others.

Differentiation

• Support: For pupils who struggle, the teacher can use more visual cues (pictures of happy/sad faces), simplify questions, provide direct modelling of actions, and pair them with a supportive peer during the hand-shaking activity.
• Extension: For pupils who grasp the concept quickly, the teacher can ask them to suggest other ways to be kind, or to role-play a short scenario where they help a friend who is being bullied (e.g., by telling a teacher).

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Before the lesson, ensure you have all pictures ready and easily accessible. The key message for this age group is that bullying and fighting hurt others and are not acceptable. Focus on simple, concrete examples they can relate to. Encourage pupils to use their words to express feelings rather than resorting to physical actions. Emphasize that telling a teacher or adult is a brave and helpful action, not “tattling.” During the hand-shaking activity, ensure pupils are gentle and respectful. Observe their interactions to identify any pupils who may need extra support or attention regarding social skills. Repeat the rhyme and positive messages throughout the week to reinforce learning.