Parts of Speech: Adverbs, Conjunctions, Prepositions and Interjections for JSS 1

Class: JSS 1
Term: First Term
Week: 10
Age: 12 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: English Studies
Curriculum Theme: Grammatical Accuracy
Focal competence: ADVERBS, CONJUNCTIONS, PREPOSITIONS AND INTERJECTIONS: Identifying adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions and interjections
Skills:

• ADVERBS, CONJUNCTIONS, PREPOSITIONS AND INTERJECTIONS: Identifying adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions and interjections in texts

Previous Lesson: Reading Comprehension: Cyber security Mental health, etc
Topic: Parts Of Speech: Adverbs, Conjunctions, Prepositions And Interjections
Subject Matter: Practical skill

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils/students should be able to:

Cognitive Domain

• Define adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections.
• Identify adverbs in given sentences or texts.
• Identify conjunctions in given sentences or texts.
• Identify prepositions in given sentences or texts.
• Identify interjections in given sentences or texts.

Affective Domain

• Appreciate the importance of adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections in constructing meaningful sentences.
• Show willingness to use these parts of speech correctly in their spoken and written English.

Psychomotor Domain

• Use adverbs appropriately in sentences.
• Use conjunctions appropriately in sentences.
• Use prepositions appropriately in sentences.

Social Domain

• Collaborate effectively with peers to identify and use parts of speech in group activities.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

• 2025 Revised 9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
• Relevant State Unified Scheme of Work
• A suitable English Studies textbook for JSS 1
• The HeadTeacher Scheme of work

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

• Audiobooks
• Interactive Videos
• Selected passages containing examples of adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections
• Pictorial aids depicting actions or relationships that can be described using these parts of speech
• Various passages for identification practice

Rationale for the Lesson

Understanding adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections is fundamental for JSS 1 students to build grammatically correct and coherent sentences. This lesson equips students with the practical skill of identifying and using these parts of speech, thereby enhancing their overall communication abilities in English.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Students should have prior knowledge of other parts of speech such as nouns, pronouns, verbs, and adjectives, and a basic understanding of sentence structure.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Parts Of Speech: Adverbs, Conjunctions, Prepositions And Interjections

Adverbs

An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. Adverbs tell us how, when, where, how often, or to what extent something happens.

Examples:

1. The boy ran quickly. (modifies the verb ‘ran’)
2. She is very happy. (modifies the adjective ‘happy’)
3. He drives too fast. (modifies the adverb ‘fast’)

Types of Adverbs

1. Adverbs of Manner: Describe how an action is performed (e.g., slowly, carefully, loudly, well).
2. Adverbs of Place: Indicate where an action occurs (e.g., here, there, everywhere, outside, upstairs).
3. Adverbs of Time: State when an action happens (e.g., now, yesterday, soon, always, never).
4. Adverbs of Frequency: Show how often an action occurs (e.g., often, sometimes, usually, rarely).
5. Adverbs of Degree: Express the intensity or extent of an action or quality (e.g., very, too, almost, entirely, quite).

Conjunctions

A conjunction is a word used to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences.

Examples:

1. John and Mary are friends. (connects words)
2. She is intelligent but lazy. (connects clauses)
3. He will go to the market or stay at home. (connects phrases)

Types of Conjunctions

1. Coordinating Conjunctions: Connect words, phrases, or clauses of equal grammatical rank. The common ones are F.A.N.B.O.Y.S (For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So).
2. Subordinating Conjunctions: Connect a dependent clause to an independent clause (e.g., because, although, while, if, when, since).

Prepositions

A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence. It often indicates location, direction, time, or manner.

Examples:

1. The book is on the table. (location)
2. She walked to the school. (direction)
3. He arrived at 5 o’clock. (time)

Common Prepositions

1. Prepositions of Place: in, on, at, under, above, beside, between, among.
2. Prepositions of Time: at, on, in, before, after, during, since, for.
3. Prepositions of Direction: to, into, onto, from, through, across, along.

Interjections

An interjection is a word or phrase that expresses a strong emotion or sudden feeling. It is usually followed by an exclamation mark.

Examples:

1. Wow! That’s amazing.
2. Ouch! That hurts.
3. Oh no! I forgot my keys.
4. Hurrah! We won the game.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Explanation, Question and Answer, Guided Practice, Group Work, Individual Practice

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Recalling/Engaging

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the students and reviews previously learned parts of speech (nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives). The teacher then introduces the new topic: Adverbs, Conjunctions, Prepositions, and Interjections, explaining that these words help to make sentences more complete and expressive.

Pupils’ Activity: Students respond to greetings and recall previous lessons on parts of speech. They listen attentively to the introduction of the new topic.

Learning Point: Introduction to new parts of speech

Step 2: Adverbs

Time: 8 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explaining/Illustrating

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains what an adverb is, providing clear examples on the board. The teacher then discusses different types of adverbs (manner, place, time, frequency, degree) with further examples, using selected passages and pictorial aids to illustrate their use.

Pupils’ Activity: Students listen to the explanation, copy examples, and participate in identifying adverbs in simple sentences provided by the teacher.

Learning Point: Understanding adverbs and their types

Step 3: Conjunctions

Time: 8 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explaining/Connecting

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher defines conjunctions, explaining their role in connecting words, phrases, and clauses. The teacher gives examples of coordinating and subordinating conjunctions and demonstrates their use in sentences, using interactive videos or audio clips.

Pupils’ Activity: Students listen, take notes, and identify conjunctions in sentences presented by the teacher. They also try to form simple sentences using common conjunctions.

Learning Point: Understanding conjunctions and their types

Step 4: Prepositions

Time: 8 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explaining/Demonstrating

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains prepositions, emphasizing how they show relationships (location, time, direction). The teacher uses pictorial aids and sentence examples to demonstrate various prepositions and their functions.

Pupils’ Activity: Students observe the pictorial aids, listen to explanations, and practice identifying prepositions in sentences. They might also suggest prepositions for given contexts.

Learning Point: Understanding prepositions and their uses

Step 5: Interjections

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explaining/Expressing

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher defines interjections as words expressing strong emotions and provides examples. The teacher encourages students to mimic the emotions expressed by various interjections.

Pupils’ Activity: Students listen, repeat examples, and identify interjections in short dialogues or sentences. They practice expressing emotions using interjections.

Learning Point: Understanding interjections and their use

Step 6: Guided Practice

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Facilitating/Applying

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher divides students into pairs or small groups and provides them with short passages. The teacher instructs them to identify all adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections in the passages. The teacher monitors and provides assistance.

Pupils’ Activity: Students work in pairs/groups to identify the specified parts of speech in the provided passages. They discuss their findings and ask questions.

Learning Point: Practical identification of parts of speech

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

1. What is an adverb? Give two examples.
2. Connect these two sentences using a conjunction: “She studied hard. She passed the exam.”
3. Identify the preposition in the sentence: “The cat jumped over the fence.”
4. What emotion does the interjection “Bravo!” express?

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Assessment of understanding

Step 8: Note-Taking

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Writing

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides pupils/students to copy the essential Board Summary notes on adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections into their notebooks.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils/students copy the notes carefully into their notebooks.

Learning Point: Recording lesson content

Step 9: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes

Teaching Skill: Summarizing/Reinforcing

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher briefly summarizes the lesson, reminding students of the importance of using adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections correctly to improve their English communication. The teacher encourages them to pay attention to these words in their reading and writing.

Pupils’ Activity: Students listen to the summary and ask any final questions.

Learning Point: Consolidation of lesson concepts

Continuous Assessment/Further Study

Type: Homework

Instruction: Complete the following tasks in your English notebook:

1. Write five sentences, each containing a different type of adverb (manner, place, time, frequency, degree).
2. Join the following pairs of sentences using appropriate conjunctions:
   1. He was tired. He continued working.
   2. Do you want tea? Do you want coffee?
3. Underline the prepositions in these sentences:
   1. The bird flew across the sky.
   2. She lives in Lagos.
4. Write two sentences using different interjections to express surprise and joy.

Lesson Keywords

• Adverb – A word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
• Conjunction – A word used to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences.
• Preposition – A word that shows the relationship between a noun/pronoun and other words.
• Interjection – A word or phrase that expresses strong emotion or sudden feeling.
• Modify – To describe or limit the meaning of a word.

Differentiation

For weaker learners, provide simpler sentences and passages with fewer complex structures. Offer a list of common adverbs, conjunctions, and prepositions to choose from during practice. For faster learners, challenge them to write short paragraphs using a variety of these parts of speech, or identify them in more complex literary texts.

Suggested Lesson Videos

For further understanding and visual examples, search on YouTube for:

• “Parts of Speech Adverbs Conjunctions Prepositions Interjections JSS 1”
• “What are Adverbs for kids”
• “Conjunctions explained for beginners”
• “Prepositions in English grammar”
• “Interjections examples for students”

Teacher Guide for Using This Lesson Plan

Before the lesson, ensure you have a variety of short, engaging passages, audio clips, or interactive videos that clearly demonstrate the use of adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections. Prepare pictorial aids that can help illustrate prepositions of place and direction. During the lesson, model the identification and usage of each part of speech clearly. Encourage active participation through questions and guided practice. Pay close attention to common errors students might make, such as confusing adverbs with adjectives or misusing prepositions. Guide students to copy the Board Summary notes accurately into their notebooks after the main teaching points have been covered and understood. For weaker learners, provide additional simple exercises and direct assistance. Challenge faster learners with more complex sentence construction tasks or by asking them to analyze the impact of these parts of speech on sentence meaning. Conclude by reinforcing the practical application of these grammatical concepts in everyday communication.