Class: Primary 5
Term: 2nd Term
Subject: Pre-Vocational Studies
Curriculum Theme: Home Economics
Previous Lesson: Steps In Making Temporary Stitches
Topic: steps In Making Permanent Stitches
Content/learning Area: Running, back, and hemming stitches.
Time Allocation: 40 minutes

Performance Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

• cognitive Domain: Identify and describe the different types of permanent stitches.
• Affective Domain: Demonstrate an gratitude for the skill of making permanent stitches in practical activities.
• Psychomotor Domain: Perform running, back, and hemming stitches correctly using fabric.
• Social Domain: Work in pairs or groups, helping each other to achieve success in making permanent stitches.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

• 9 – years Basic Education Curriculum
• Abuja Educational Resource Center Scheme of work
• NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
• Online Details from: The Inspired Sewist – 10 Basic Stitches You Should Know
• Relevant Textbooks: “Home Economics for Primary Schools”

Instructional Materials

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will use the following materials:

• Needle and thread
• Fabric pieces (sample materials for stitching)
• Scissors
• Chalk for marking

Rationale for the Lesson

Understanding permanent stitches is important because it helps pupils learn how to repair clothes, improve their sewing skills, and express creativity. This knowledge will benefit them in daily life, whether for personal use or future vocational activities.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Before this lesson, pupils should have basic knowledge of how to hold a needle and thread and an understanding of temporary stitches.

lesson Content

Steps In Making Permanent Stitches

Permanent stitches are used when you want to sew somthing that will last for a long time, like when repairing clothes. there are several types, but today we will focus on running, back, and hemming stitches.

Types of permanent stitches include:

The following are examples of permanent stitches:

1. Running Stitch: This is a simple stitch where the needle goes in and out of the fabric in a straight line. It is used for temporary stitching or for seams that won’t carry much strain. It is also used for gathering fabric or creating decorative effects.
2. Back Stitch: This stitch is stronger than the running stitch. You take the needle backward into the previous hole and forward again, creating a solid seam. It is indeed used for areas that need to be stronger, such as reinforcing seams or creating outlines.
3. Hemming Stitch: Hemming is done at the edges of fabrics to prevent them from fraying. You sew small stitches along the edge of the fabric to fold it under neatly.It is used to finish fabric edges neatly and securely.It can also be used to attach lace or trim to fabric edges.
4. Blanket Stitch: This stitch is used to finish the edges of blankets or other materials to prevent fraying. It involves creating a decorative border along the edge of the fabric.
5. Chain Stitch: This stitch creates a chain-like pattern on the fabric surface. It is often used for embroidery or decorative purposes.

Teaching Methods

To deliver this lesson,‌ ⁤the teacher will⁤ adopt⁤ the following methods: explanation,Demonstration,Guided Practice,Discussion.

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 mins
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: Introduce the concept of permanent stitches and their uses.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and ask questions about permanent stitches.

Step 2: explanation of running Stitch

Time: 5 mins
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Demonstrate the process of making a running stitch on fabric.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe and take notes on how to make a running stitch.

Step 3: Explanation of Back Stitch

Time: 5 mins
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Demonstrate how to make a back stitch for stronger stitching.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe and take notes on how to make a back stitch.

Step 4: Explanation of Hemming Stitch

Time: 5 mins
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Demonstrate hemming stitch for finishing edges of fabric.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe and take notes on how to make a hemming stitch.

Step 5: Hands-on Practice

Time: 10 mins
Teaching Skill: Guided practice
Teacher’s Activity: Walk pupils through making the stitches themselves.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils practice making running, back, and hemming stitches.

Step 6: Note-Taking

time: 5 mins
Teaching Skill: Independent work
Teacher’s Activity: Allow pupils to note the key steps involved in each stitch.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils write down the key steps of each permanent stitch.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 mins
Teaching Skill: Evaluation and Conclusion
teacher’s Activity: ask pupils to explain each stitch and its purpose.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer the questions and demonstrate the stitches.

step 8: Conclusion

Time: 0 mins
Teaching Skill: Closure
Teacher’s Activity: Summarize the lesson and highlight the importance of permanent stitches in sewing.
Pupils’ Activity: Listen attentively and ask any remaining questions.

Lesson Keywords

• Running Stitch – A simple stitch used for quick, straight stitching.
• Back Stitch – A strong stitch used for areas that need reinforcement.
• Hemming Stitch – A stitch used to finish fabric edges neatly.
• Permanent Stitches – Stitches used for long-lasting repairs.
• Fabric – Material used for sewing.

Lesson Evaluation

To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:

1. Describe the difference between a running stitch and a back stitch.
2. Why is the hemming stitch important in sewing?
3. Demonstrate how to make each of the permanent stitches: running, back, and hemming.
4. Wich permanent stitch would you use to strengthen a seam in a piece of clothing?

Assignment/Homework

1. Practice making running, back, and hemming stitches on a piece of fabric.
2. Identify and describe three different uses for permanent stitches in clothing repair.
3. Explain the importance of using the correct type of stitch for different sewing tasks.

Differentiation

• For slower learners: Provide one-on-one assistance and simplified instructions.
• For advanced learners: Challenge them to create more complex stitch patterns or designs.
• For visual/auditory/kinesthetic learners: Use visual aids, verbal explanations, and hands-on activities to cater to different learning styles.

Note for Teachers

When demonstrating the stitches, ensure that you provide clear instructions and allow time for practice. Move around the class to assist individual pupils with their stitching. Use praise and correction where necessary to maintain a positive and productive learning environment. Happy teaching!