Class: Primary Six
Term: First Term
Subject: Pre-vocational Studies
Curriculum Theme: Home Economics
Previous Lesson: Steps In Making Temporary Stitches
Topic: Permanent Stitches
Content/Learning Area: Steps in Making Permanent Stitches
Time Allocation: Not Specified

Performance Objectives

By the end of the lesson,pupils should be able to:

• Cognitive Domain:

– List and explain the steps involved in making permanent stitches.

• Affective Domain:

– Show thankfulness for neat stitching in hand-sewn items.

• Psychomotor Domain:

– Demonstrate the ability to make at least one type of permanent stitch.

• Social Domain:

– Work cooperatively with peers in learning how to make permanent stitches.

Reference Materials

• 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum
• Abuja Educational Resource Center Scheme of work
• NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
• Online Details from BrainKart – permanent stitches
• Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will employ the help of the following materials:

• Needles and thread of different colors
• Sample pieces of fabric for practice
• Instructional charts showing permanent stitches (e.g., backstitch, running stitch, hemming stitch)
• Multimedia projector (if available) for displaying the steps visually

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson is crucial for developing practical sewing skills applicable in daily life. Knowing how to make permanent stitches allows pupils to mend clothes and create simple hand-sewn items, fostering independence and creativity.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils have prior knowledge of basic sewing tools and materials.

Lesson content

Steps in Making permanent stitches

Permanent stitches are sewing stitches designed to hold fabric pieces together permanently. They are stronger and more durable than temporary stitches.

the following are the steps in making permanent stitches:

1. Thread the needle: Select the right thread and needle for yoru fabric.
2. Start with a knot: Tie a knot at the thread’s end to secure it.
3. Make the stitch: Insert the needle, following the chosen stitch type (running stitch, backstitch, etc.).
4. Keep stitches even: Maintain uniform stitch size for a neat finish.
5. Finish with a knot: Tie a knot at the end to prevent unraveling.

Examples of Permanent Stitches

Permanent stitches are essential for creating durable and long-lasting seams in sewing projects. They provide the strength needed to hold fabric pieces together securely.

Examples are:

1. Running Stitch: A simple stitch with the needle going in and out of the fabric.
2. Backstitch: A strong stitch where each stitch overlaps the previous one.
3. Hemming Stitch: Used for hemming, this stitch is nearly invisible from the front.
4. Blanket Stitch: Used to reinforce the edge of thick materials.
5. Satin Stitch: A series of flat stitches that are used to entirely cover a small area of fabric.

Teaching Methods

To deliver this lesson,‌ ⁤the teacher will⁤ adopt⁤ the following methods: Discussion, Lecture, Exhibition, Hands-on activity, Questioning.

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 mins
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher introduces the topic by asking pupils about experiences with sewing or watching others sew.
pupils’ Activity: Pupils share their experiences with sewing and listen attentively.

step 2: Description of Permanent Stitches

Time: 8 mins
Teaching Skill: Lecture and Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains what permanent stitches are and shows samples on the chart.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the chart and listen to explanations.

Step 3: Steps In Making Permanent Stitches

Time: 10 mins
Teaching Skill: Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher demonstrates how to make a running stitch and a backstitch on fabric.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils follow along and attempt to imitate the teacher’s demonstration.

Step 4: Practice Session

Time: 7 mins
Teaching Skill: Hands-on activity
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher supervises as pupils practice making permanent stitches using their needles and thread.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils practice the stitches on their fabric.

Step 5: Note-Taking

time: 3 mins
Teaching Skill: Individual work
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher instructs pupils to write down the steps involved in making permanent stitches.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils copy down the steps in their exercise books.

Step 6: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 mins
Teaching Skill: Questioning
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher asks pupils to describe the steps involved in making permanent stitches.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer the questions and demonstrate their understanding.

Step 7: Conclusion

Time: 2 mins
Teaching Skill: Summary and feedback
Teacher’s Activity: the teacher summarizes the lesson and emphasizes the importance of permanent stitches.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and provide feedback.

Lesson Keywords

• Permanent Stitches – Sewing stitches designed to hold fabric pieces together permanently.
• Running Stitch – A simple stitch with the needle going in and out of the fabric.
• Backstitch – A strong stitch where each stitch overlaps the previous one.
• Hemming Stitch – Used for hemming, this stitch is nearly invisible from the front.
• Knot – A fastening made by looping a piece of thread.

lesson evaluation

To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:

1. What’s the difference between temporary and permanent stitches?
2. Name two types of permanent stitches.
3. What’s the first step in making permanent stitches?
4. Why is a knot at the thread’s end crucial?
5. Show how to make a running stitch.

assignment/Homework

1. Practice making running stitches and backstitches on a piece of fabric.
2. Identify items of clothing at home that have been sewn with permanent stitches.
3. Write a short paragraph explaining why permanent stitches are significant in sewing.

Differentiation

• For slower learners: Provide one-on-one assistance and practice with simpler stitches.
• For advanced learners: Introduce more complex stitches and challenge them to create a small project using permanent stitches.
• For visual/auditory/kinesthetic learners: Use visual aids, verbal instructions, and hands-on activities to cater to different learning styles.

Note for Teachers

Ensure that pupils have access to appropriate materials and tools for practicing permanent stitches. Provide clear and concise instructions, and offer individual support as needed. Encourage pupils to practice regularly to improve their skills.