Class: Senior Secondary School 1 (SS1, SS 1, SSS1, SSS 1)
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 1
Age: 15 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: French Language
Curriculum Theme: French Language
Previous Lesson: .
Topic: Exprimer ce qu’il faut faire.
Subject Matter: Listening comprehension on what one must do for good behaviour; il faut + infinitive structure; school rules and good habits (exercising, eating well, reading, respecting rules, avoiding bad friends, working hard); oral dialogues between teacher and student; role play advice from a parent.

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Define the expression “il faut” and state its meaning in English.
Construct correct sentences using “il faut + infinitive” to express what one must do.
List good school habits and rules using French “il faut” statements.

Affective Domain:

Show willingness to follow good school rules and positive habits.
Appreciate good behaviour and discourage bad company in school life.

Psychomotor Domain:

Pronounce and use “il faut” sentences correctly in oral practice and dialogues.
Perform short role plays showing advice and rules using correct expressions and tone.

Work in pairs or groups to prepare and present dialogues politely.
Listen to classmates’ role plays and respond respectfully.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
State Unified Scheme of Work
Recommended French textbook for Senior Secondary Schools (e.g., French for Senior Secondary Schools, Book 1)
TV5MONDE Apprendre le français
Larousse French Dictionary
BBC Bitesize French

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Adapted dialogue texts (textes de dialogues adaptés)
Newspaper cuttings (coupures de journaux) on good behaviour and school life
Short video clips/films on school rules and good habits
Audio materials: cassettes, CDs, or recorded listening files
Oral production text (texte de production orale) and dialogue cards
Chart showing “Il faut + infinitif” structure with examples

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson helps pupils express rules and advice in French using everyday school situations. It supports good behaviour by linking language learning to real actions pupils should take in school and at home.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils can form simple French sentences and know common infinitive verbs such as manger, lire, travailler, respecter, éviter, and faire.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Exprimer ce qu’il faut faire (Expressing What One Must Do)

Meaning of “il faut”

“Il faut” is used to say what is necessary or what one must do. It means “it is necessary” or “one must”.

Structure: “Il faut + infinitif”

The structure “il faut + infinitive” is used to give rules, advice, or duties.

The following are key points about the structure:

Start with Il faut.
Add a verb in the infinitive form (e.g., manger, lire, travailler).
The sentence shows necessity or obligation.
Negative form: Il ne faut pas + infinitif (one must not).

Examples of “Il faut + infinitif” for good school life

The following are examples of what one must do to be a good student:

Il faut travailler dur. (One must work hard.)
Il faut respecter les règles de l’école. (One must respect school rules.)
Il faut lire chaque jour. (One must read every day.)
Il faut manger sainement. (One must eat well/healthily.)
Il faut faire de l’exercice. (One must exercise.)
Il faut écouter le professeur. (One must listen to the teacher.)

Negative advice using “Il ne faut pas + infinitif”

The following are examples of what one must not do in school life:

Il ne faut pas choisir de mauvais amis. (One must not choose bad friends.)
Il ne faut pas manquer les cours. (One must not miss lessons.)
Il ne faut pas tricher. (One must not cheat.)
Il ne faut pas se battre. (One must not fight.)

Listening comprehension: school rules and good behaviour

Listening comprehension requires understanding rules and advice said in spoken French.

The following are listening targets for this lesson:

Identify “il faut” and “il ne faut pas” expressions in the audio.
Pick out key verbs linked to good habits and behaviour.
Recognize the main message: rules, advice, and duties.

Oral dialogues and role play

Oral dialogues and role play show how “il faut” is used in real conversations.

The following are features of the role play tasks:

Dialogue between teacher and student about being a good student.
Role play advice from a parent on school rules and habits.
Use at least four “il faut” sentences and two “il ne faut pas” sentences.
Clear pronunciation and correct sentence structure.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Role Play, Listening Practice, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher asks pupils what good students do in school, writes a few answers on the board, and introduces the topic and lesson focus on “il faut”.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond with simple ideas about good behaviour and listen to the lesson focus.
Learning Point: School rules and good habits can be expressed in French using “il faut”.

Step 2: Explanation of “il faut” and meaning

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains the meaning of “il faut” and gives simple examples, then checks understanding with short oral questions.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils repeat example sentences and state the meaning of “il faut” in simple terms.
Learning Point: “Il faut” expresses necessity or obligation.

Step 3: Teaching the structure “Il faut + infinitif” and negative form

Time: 8 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration and Drill
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher presents the structure, models correct sentence building, introduces “Il ne faut pas + infinitif”, and leads pronunciation drills.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils form and say sample sentences using the structure and practise negative forms correctly.
Learning Point: Rules and advice can be formed using “Il faut + infinitif” and “Il ne faut pas + infinitif”.

Step 4: Guided practice (School habits and rules)

Time: 6 minutes
Teaching Skill: Guided Practice
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher presents school-life situations and guides pupils to respond using correct “il faut” statements, correcting errors where necessary.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond orally with suitable “il faut” or “il ne faut pas” sentences for each situation.
Learning Point: Correct expressions must match the situation and message.

Step 5: Listening comprehension activity

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Listening Skill Development
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher plays a short audio on good behaviour and school rules twice, asks pupils to identify “il faut/il ne faut pas” statements, and checks key points orally.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen attentively, note key “il faut” expressions, and answer oral checks based on what they heard.
Learning Point: Listening helps pupils understand rules and advice in spoken French.

Step 6: Pair work dialogues and role play

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Cooperative Learning
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher groups pupils in pairs, provides dialogue prompts (teacher-student and parent-child), and supervises presentations, focusing on correct structure and pronunciation.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils perform dialogues showing what one should do in school life and present short role plays using “il faut”.
Learning Point: Role play builds speaking confidence and correct use of obligation expressions.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Define “il faut” and state what it means in English.
List four correct sentences using “il faut + infinitif” about good school behaviour.
State two examples using “il ne faut pas + infinitif” about what pupils must not do.
Explain two listening targets for identifying rules in an audio passage.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summary and Reinforcement
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the meaning and structure of “il faut”, corrects common mistakes, and gives an assignment: write eight sentences on good school habits using six “il faut” and two “il ne faut pas”.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen, ask questions where needed, and copy the assignment.
Learning Point: “Il faut” helps pupils express rules and advice clearly in French.

Lesson Keywords

Il faut – it is necessary; one must.
Infinitif – the base form of a verb (e.g., lire, manger).
Il ne faut pas – one must not.
Règles – rules.
Bon comportement – good behaviour.
Habitudes – habits.
Compréhension orale – listening comprehension.
Dialogue – a short conversation between people.

Differentiation

Support slower learners with sentence frames such as “Il faut …” and a short list of verbs to choose from, while faster learners create longer dialogues that include reasons for the advice and correct use of both positive and negative forms.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Keep the audio short and clear, and replay it where needed. Emphasize correct structure and pronunciation, and ensure pupils use infinitive verbs after “il faut” and “il ne faut pas”.