Bread, Tea, Past Tense and Reading Combination of Letters to Form Simple Words for Primary 1

Class: Primary 1
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 9
Age: 6 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: English Studies
Curriculum Theme: English Studies
Previous Lesson: Spelling and Correct Pronunciation of Days of the and Tense.
Topic: Listening and Speaking, Grammatical Accuracy, Reading
Subject Matter: Expressing things taken into the body, Past Tense (today and yesterday), Blending letters to form simple words.

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

• Identify things that can be taken into the body.
• Recall simple past tense forms of verbs.
• Recognize individual letter sounds.

Affective Domain:

• Participate actively in forming simple sentences.
• Show interest in using past tense correctly.
• Enjoy blending sounds to form words.

Psychomotor Domain:

• Formulate simple sentences orally about things taken into the body.
• Construct sentences using past tense with “today” and “yesterday.”
• Blend letter sounds to read simple CVC (consonant-vowel-consonant) words.

Social Domain:

• Collaborate with peers to practice speaking sentences.
• Interact positively while practicing grammatical accuracy.
• Work together to blend sounds and read new words.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

• 9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
• State Unified Scheme of Work
• Macmillan Primary English Book 1
• https://www.education.gov.ng
• https://www.nerdc.gov.ng

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

• Flashcards showing different foods, drinks, and medicines.
• Charts with examples of simple sentences.
• Flashcards with individual letters and simple words.
• Pictures depicting actions done “today” and “yesterday.”

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson helps pupils develop fundamental communication skills by enabling them to express themselves clearly about daily essentials. It also introduces them to basic grammar for describing past events and equips them with essential phonics skills for reading simple words, which are important for their literacy development.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils can identify some letters of the alphabet and recognize common foods and drinks. They also have a basic understanding of simple present tense sentences.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Listening and Speaking, Grammatical Accuracy, Reading

Listening and Speaking

Expression of Things Taken into the Body

Things that can be taken into our bodies include food, drinks, and medicines. Examples are bread, tea, water, milk, rice, beans.

We can make simple sentences about these things:

• I can drink tea.
• You can eat bread.
• She cannot eat stones.
• We drink water every day.

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Grammatical Accuracy

Past Tense: Actions Today and Yesterday

The past tense tells us about actions that have already happened. We use words like “today” and “yesterday” to show when an action happened.

Examples:

• I drank tea today. (The action of drinking happened today)
• I ate bread yesterday. (The action of eating happened yesterday)
• She played with her doll today.
• He went to the market yesterday.

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Reading

Blending Letters to Form Simple Words

Blending is putting the sounds of letters together to form a word. This helps us to read new words.

Examples of blending sounds to form words:

• /v/ + /an/ = van
• /c/ + /an/ = can
• /c/ + /at/ = cat
• /m/ + /ap/ = map
• /s/ + /un/ = sun

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Lesson 1: Listening and Speaking & Grammatical Accuracy

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Set Induction

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils, checks their previous knowledge by asking them to name some things they eat or drink, and introduces the topics for the day.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond to greetings, name foods and drinks, and listen attentively to the introduction.

Learning Point: Pupils are prepared for the lesson and recall prior knowledge.

Step 2: Presentation of Listening and Speaking

Time: 10 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation/Demonstration

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher shows pictures of different foods and drinks (e.g., bread, tea, water) and models how to make simple sentences about them using “can” or “cannot.”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils identify the items and repeat the sentences after the teacher.

Learning Point: Pupils learn to expressively make simple sentences about things taken into the body.

Step 3: Practice of Listening and Speaking

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Practice

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher encourages pupils to form their own simple sentences about various foods and drinks, providing assistance where needed.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils practice forming simple sentences orally, using examples like “I can drink milk” or “You cannot eat wood.”

Learning Point: Pupils gain confidence in expressing sentences about things they can consume.

Step 4: Presentation of Grammatical Accuracy (Past Tense)

Time: 10 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation/Examples

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains the concept of past tense using “today” and “yesterday,” giving clear examples like “I ate bread yesterday” and “I drank water today.”

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the explanation and observe the examples, understanding the difference between present and past actions.

Learning Point: Pupils understand how to use past tense for actions that have already happened.

Step 5: Practice of Grammatical Accuracy

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Question and Answer

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher asks pupils to give their own examples of actions they did “today” or “yesterday,” correcting any errors in past tense usage.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils volunteer to share sentences about their past actions, applying the concept of past tense.

Learning Point: Pupils practice forming sentences in the past tense correctly.

Lesson 2: Reading

Step 6: Presentation of Reading (Blending Letters)

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Drilling

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher uses flashcards with individual letters and then combines them to demonstrate how to blend sounds to form simple words (e.g., /c/ + /at/ = cat).

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the sounds and watch the blending process, repeating the sounds and words.

Learning Point: Pupils learn the skill of blending letter sounds to form words.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

1. Mention two things you can drink.
2. Form a simple sentence about bread.
3. What did you do yesterday? (Pupils answer in past tense)
4. Blend the sounds /f/ + /an/ to form a word.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: (Integrated)

Teaching Skill: Summarization

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the key points of the lesson, emphasizing the importance of speaking clearly, using correct past tense, and blending sounds for reading.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the summary and ask any final questions.

Learning Point: The lesson is reinforced and pupils understand its relevance.

Home Task: Write two correct English sentences that demonstrate the main language skill in Listening and Speaking, Grammatical Accuracy, Reading.

Lesson Keywords

• Bread – A common food made from flour.
• Tea – A hot drink made by infusing dried leaves.
• Past Tense – Words that show an action happened before now.
• Yesterday – The day before today.
• Today – The current day.
• Blend – To mix or combine sounds to form a word.
• Sounds – The noises letters make.

Differentiation

For pupils who are fast learners, the teacher will provide additional words for blending and encourage them to form more complex sentences. For slower learners, the teacher will give more individual attention, use more visual aids, and repeat examples frequently to ensure understanding.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Ensure a lively and interactive classroom environment. Use plenty of realia and visual aids to make the lesson concrete for Primary 1 pupils. Encourage all pupils to participate and provide positive reinforcement for their efforts, especially when they attempt to form sentences or blend sounds.