Class: Primary Four
Term: Second Term
Subject: Basic Science and Technology
Curriculum Theme: Basic Science
Previous Lesson: Human Body – The Mouth IV
Topic: The Human Digestive System (Mouth)
content/Learning Area: What is the Alimentary Canal?, Parts of the Alimentary Canal
Time Allocation: 40 minutes
Performance Objectives
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Cognitive Domain:
- Identify the main parts of the alimentary canal.
- Describe the function of each part of the alimentary canal.
- Explain the importance of the digestive system.
- Affective Domain:
- Show thankfulness for the complexity of the human digestive system.
- Psychomotor Domain:
- Draw and label a diagram of the alimentary canal.
- Social Domain:
1. Participate actively in class discussions. - 9 – Years Basic education curriculum
- Abuja Educational Resource Center Scheme of Work
- NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
- online Details
- relevant Textbooks
- #### Mouth:
- #### Esophagus:
- #### Stomach:
- #### Small Intestine:
- #### Large Intestine:
- #### Rectum:
- #### Anus:
- Alimentary Canal – The series of connected organs that digest food.
- Digestion – The process of breaking down food into smaller parts.
- Esophagus – The tube connecting the mouth to the stomach.
- Stomach – Organ where food is churned and mixed with digestive juices.
- Small Intestine – Organ where most nutrients are absorbed.
- Large Intestine – Organ where water is absorbed from undigested food.
- What are the main parts of the alimentary canal?
- What happens to food in the mouth?
- What is the role of the small intestine?
- Why is a healthy diet vital?
- Draw and label the alimentary canal.
- Draw and label the alimentary canal.
- Write a short paragraph explaining the function of each part of the alimentary canal.
- For slower learners: Provide one-on-one assistance and simplified explanations.
- For advanced learners: encourage further research on the digestive system.
- For visual/auditory/kinesthetic learners: Use visual aids, verbal explanations, and hands-on activities to cater to different learning styles.
reference Materials
Instructional Materials
to deliver this lesson, the teacher will use the following materials: Charts, Pictures, Whiteboard or projector.
Rationale for the Lesson
Understanding the digestive system is crucial for pupils’ overall health and well-being. This lesson provides a foundation for future learning about nutrition and healthy eating habits.
Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge
Pupils have prior knowledge of food and eating.
Lesson Content
What is the Alimentary Canal?
The digestive system, also called the alimentary canal, is a series of connected organs that work together to break down food so our bodies can absorb nutrients. It’s like a long tube running through your body,starting at your mouth and ending at your anus.
Parts of the Alimentary Canal
The alimentary canal consists of several key parts that work together to digest food.The following are the parts of the alimentary canal:
Digestion starts hear! Your teeth chew the food, and saliva mixes with it to help break it down.
this muscular tube connects your mouth to your stomach. It pushes the food down.
A muscular sac where food is churned and mixed with digestive juices.This breaks down food further.
A long, coiled tube where most nutrients are absorbed. It has tiny finger-like projections called villi that increase the surface area for absorption.
Water is absorbed from undigested food here, and waste is formed into feces.
The final part of the large intestine,where feces are stored before leaving the body.
The opening at the end of the digestive tract where feces leave the body.
Teaching Methods
To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following methods: Explanation, Discussion, Question and answer, Presentation
Instructional Procedures
To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:
Step 1: Introduction
Time: 5 minutes
Teaching skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: Ask pupils what they ate for breakfast and initiate a discussion about food and digestion.Pupils’ Activity: Respond to teacher’s questions and participate in the discussion.
step 2: Explanation of Key Concepts
Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s activity: Explain the concept of the alimentary canal and its function.
Pupils’ Activity: Listen attentively and ask clarifying questions.
Step 3: Demonstration of Alimentary Canal
Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: Show a diagram of the alimentary canal and explain each part.
Pupils’ activity: Observe the diagram and follow along with the explanation.
Step 4: Guided Practice
Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Guided Practice
Teacher’s Activity: Guide pupils in drawing and labeling the alimentary canal.Pupils’ Activity: Draw and label the alimentary canal independently.
Step 5: Note-Taking
Time: 2 minutes
Teaching Skill: Note-Taking
teacher’s Activity: Guide pupils in taking notes on key concepts.
Pupils’ activity: Take notes on key concepts.
Step 6: Evaluation/Review
Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: questioning
Teacher’s Activity: Ask review questions to assess understanding.
Pupils’ Activity: Answer review questions.
Step 7: Conclusion
time: 2 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarizing
Teacher’s Activity: Summarize the key concepts of the lesson.Pupils’ Activity: Listen to the summary and ask any remaining questions.
Lesson Keywords
Lesson Evaluation
to evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:
Assignment/Homework
Differentiation
Note for Teachers
Ensure to use visual aids and real-life examples to make the lesson engaging and understandable for the pupils. Provide individual assistance to pupils who may struggle with drawing and labeling the alimentary canal.
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