Class: Senior Secondary School 1 (SS1 / SSS1)
Term: Second Term
Week: 5
Age: 15 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Fisheries
Curriculum Theme: Trade
Previous Lesson: Methods Of Capture Fishing: Methods Using Nets and Scoop Net.
Topic: Methods of capture fishery
Subject Matter: Other nets, Seine net, Cast net, Net selection and setting

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain:

Define a seine net and a cast net.
Differentiate between a seine net and a cast net.
State the basic steps for selecting and setting fishing nets.

Affective Domain:

Appreciate the importance of selecting the right net for different fishing conditions.
Show interest in learning various traditional fishing methods.

Psychomotor Domain:

Demonstrate the proper way to spread a cast net (simulated).
Identify appropriate settings for seine and cast nets.

Collaborate with peers to discuss different net types and their uses.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 Years Basic Education Curriculum for Senior Secondary Schools.
State Unified Scheme of Work for Senior Secondary Schools (Fisheries).
Fisheries for Senior Secondary Schools, Book 1.

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

A cast net spread out.
A small seine net (or picture/diagram of one).
Net weights.
Pictures or videos showing shoreline fishing activities.

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson helps pupils understand different types of fishing nets used in capture fisheries. It is important for pupils to know how these nets work and when to use them, which can be useful for sustainable fishing practices and potential future careers in aquaculture or fisheries management.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils have basic knowledge of general fishing methods and the importance of fish as a source of food and income.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Methods of Capture Fishery: Other Nets

Seine Net

A seine net is a fishing net that hangs vertically in the water with its bottom edge weighted and its top edge buoyed. It is used to enclose fish by being drawn through the water or around an area.

The following are characteristics of a seine net:

It is a long wall of netting.
It has floats on the top rope and weights on the bottom rope.
It is typically operated from a boat or from shore.
It catches fish by encircling them.

Cast Net

A cast net is a circular net with weights around its edge, designed to be cast or thrown by hand in such a manner that it spreads out and sinks, trapping fish underneath.

The following are characteristics of a cast net:

It is circular in shape.
It has small weights (sinkers) around its perimeter.
It is thrown by hand.
It is effective in shallow waters for catching small to medium-sized fish.

Net Selection

Net selection involves choosing the appropriate fishing net based on various factors to ensure efficient and sustainable fishing.

The following factors influence net selection:

Target Species: The type, size, and behavior of fish to be caught.
Water Depth: Whether fishing in shallow or deep waters.
Water Condition: Presence of currents, obstacles, or clear/turbid water.
Fishing Ground: Shoreline, open water, or specific habitats.
Environmental Impact: Minimizing by-catch and habitat damage.

Net Setting

Net setting refers to the process of deploying a fishing net into the water correctly to maximize its effectiveness.

The basic steps for setting a net generally include:

Preparation: Ensuring the net is untangled and ready for deployment.
Deployment: Carefully placing the net into the water, ensuring it spreads correctly.
Positioning: Adjusting the net’s position to target fish effectively.
Monitoring: Observing the net for any issues or fish catches.
Hauling: Retrieving the net with the catch.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Lecture, Demonstration, Question and Answer, Visual Aids

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils and asks them to mention different ways people catch fish. The teacher then introduces the topic as “Methods of Capture Fishery,” focusing on different types of nets.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond by mentioning various fishing methods like angling, trapping, and netting. They listen attentively to the introduction.
Learning Point: Pupils are prepared for the lesson and recall previous knowledge about fishing.

Step 2: Explanation of Seine Net

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains what a seine net is, describing its structure (floats, weights, long netting) and how it is used to enclose fish. The teacher uses a diagram or picture of a seine net to illustrate.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen, observe the diagrams, and ask questions for clarification.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the definition and basic operation of a seine net.

Step 3: Explanation of Cast Net

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher explains what a cast net is, detailing its circular shape and weighted edges. The teacher demonstrates (or shows a video/picture) how a cast net is thrown to spread out and trap fish.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen, observe the demonstration or visual aids, and identify the key features of a cast net.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the definition and basic operation of a cast net.

Step 4: Differentiation between Seine and Cast Nets

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Comparative Analysis
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides pupils to compare and contrast the seine net and cast net based on their structure, method of use, and typical fishing environments.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils actively participate in the discussion, highlighting the differences between the two net types.
Learning Point: Pupils can differentiate between seine nets and cast nets.

Step 5: Net Selection

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Discussion/Elaboration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher discusses the factors that influence the selection of a fishing net, such as target species, water depth, and fishing ground. The teacher emphasizes the importance of choosing the right net.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils contribute to the discussion by suggesting reasons why different nets might be needed for different situations.
Learning Point: Pupils understand the factors involved in selecting an appropriate fishing net.

Step 6: Basic Steps for Net Setting

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Instruction/Listing
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher outlines the general steps involved in setting a fishing net, from preparation to hauling. The teacher explains the importance of each step.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen and note the key steps for setting a net.
Learning Point: Pupils can state the basic steps for setting fishing nets.

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

Define a seine net.
What is a cast net?
State two differences between a seine net and a cast net.
Mention three factors that influence net selection.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.

Step 8: Conclusion

Time: 0 minutes
Teaching Skill: Summarization
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarizes the main points of the lesson, reiterating the definitions of seine and cast nets, factors for net selection, and basic setting steps. The teacher then gives pupils homework to draw and label a seine net and a cast net.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the summary and copy down the homework.
Learning Point: Pupils consolidate their learning and are given an assignment to reinforce understanding.

Lesson Keywords

Seine Net – A long wall of netting with floats and weights, used to encircle fish.
Cast Net – A circular net with weights around its edge, thrown by hand to trap fish.
Net Selection – The process of choosing the right fishing net based on fishing conditions and target species.
Net Setting – The act of deploying a fishing net into the water.
Capture Fishery – Fishing activities that involve harvesting wild aquatic animals.

Differentiation

The teacher will provide additional explanations and visual aids for pupils who may struggle with understanding the concepts, while more advanced pupils will be encouraged to research other types of fishing nets.

Note for teachers using this lesson plan

Teachers should adapt the instructional materials and activities to suit the specific needs and resources available in their school environment, ensuring active pupil participation.