Examination on History
Class: JSS 3
Term: First Term
Time: 1 Hour
Total Marks: 70

SECTION A: OBJECTIVES (40 Marks)
Instruction: Answer all questions.

1. ________ is the trade that involved the movement of goods across the Sahara Desert. (a) Trans-Atlantic Trade (b) Trans-Saharan Trade (c) Coastal Trade (d) Internal Trade
2. The main commodity sought by Europeans in West Africa during the early contact period was ________. (a) slaves (b) gold (c) kola nuts (d) palm oil
3. Islam first spread into West Africa primarily through the activities of ________. (a) missionaries (b) European explorers (c) North African traders (d) local rulers
4. All of these are effects of the Trans-Saharan trade except ________. (a) spread of Islam (b) rise of powerful empires (c) introduction of Christianity (d) cultural exchange
5. Which of these routes was significant for the Trans-Saharan trade? (a) Lagos to London (b) Timbuktu to Sijilmasa (c) Calabar to Brazil (d) Kano to Port Harcourt
6. The Portuguese were the first Europeans to establish contact with the Kingdom of ________. (a) Oyo (b) Benin (c) Songhai (d) Kanem-Bornu
7. The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade is also known as the ________. (a) Triangular Trade (b) Legitimate Trade (c) Desert Trade (d) Silk Road Trade
8. Which of the following was a major impact of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade on West Africa? (a) population growth (b) economic development (c) depopulation and social disruption (d) industrialisation
9. The abolition of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade led to the rise of ________. (a) the Trans-Saharan Trade (b) the Legitimate Trade (c) the Spice Trade (d) internal slavery
10. The primary aim of early European missionaries in West Africa was to ________. (a) establish military bases (b) convert people to Christianity (c) explore for gold (d) trade for slaves
11. ________ was a prominent ruler of the Mali Empire who embraced Islam and made a famous pilgrimage to Mecca. (a) Sunni Ali (b) Askia Muhammad (c) Mansa Musa (d) Idris Alooma
12. The introduction of ________ was a significant impact of Christianity in Nigeria. (a) Islamic law (b) traditional religion (c) Western education (d) animism
13. Which of these is NOT a commodity exchanged during the Trans-Saharan Trade? (a) salt (b) oil (c) gold (d) kola nuts
14. The main reason for the rapid spread of Islam in West Africa was ________. (a) forceful conversion by Europeans (b) its simplicity and appeal through trade (c) the discovery of oil (d) the invention of writing
15. Which of the following describes the nature of early European contact with West Africa? (a) solely for missionary activities (b) primarily for trade and exploration (c) mainly for military conquest (d) exclusively for scientific research
16. All of these were impacts of Christianity in Nigeria except ________. (a) establishment of schools (b) promotion of local languages (c) eradication of some traditional practices (d) introduction of new diseases
17. The Middle Passage refers to the journey of enslaved Africans across the ________. (a) Sahara Desert (b) Atlantic Ocean (c) Mediterranean Sea (d) Indian Ocean
18. An example of a Christian missionary society that arrived in Nigeria is the ________. (a) Aladura (b) Church Missionary Society (CMS) (c) Ansar-Ud-Deen (d) Ahmadiyya
19. The main reason for the abolition of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade was ________. (a) the discovery of new territories (b) humanitarian concerns and industrial revolution (c) lack of demand for slaves (d) internal conflicts in Africa
20. Which of these is not a strategy used by Trans-Saharan traders? (a) use of camels (b) travelling in caravans (c) relying on oases (d) using motor vehicles
21. The ________ of Islam was facilitated by the conversion of powerful rulers. (a) decline (b) spread (c) stagnation (d) isolation
22. The term “Legitimate Trade” refers to the exchange of ________. (a) slaves for goods (b) raw materials for manufactured goods (c) gold for salt (d) spices for textiles
23. Which of these rulers was known for his efforts in spreading Islam in the Songhai Empire? (a) Mansa Musa (b) Sunni Ali (c) Askia Muhammad (d) Oduduwa
24. The Portuguese established a trading factory in Benin during the reign of Oba ________. (a) Ewuare (b) Ovonramwen (c) Esigie (d) Akenzua
25. The advent of Christianity in Nigeria brought about significant changes in ________. (a) political structures (b) educational and social systems (c) military strategies (d) agricultural practices
26. Failure to comply with the demands of European slave traders often led to ________. (a) peaceful negotiations (b) increased trade (c) military raids and destruction (d) cultural exchange
27. Which is NOT a reason for the initial European interest in West Africa? (a) search for gold (b) search for a sea route to Asia (c) search for oil (d) trade in spices
28. The correct step in the organization of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade was the ________. (a) capture of slaves, sale in Africa, journey to Americas (b) journey to Americas, capture of slaves, sale in Africa (c) sale in Americas, capture of slaves, journey to Africa (d) capture of slaves, journey to Europe, sale in Americas
29. The impact of the Trans-Saharan Trade on the economy of West Africa included ________. (a) decline of local industries (b) growth of cities like Timbuktu (c) isolation from global trade (d) decrease in wealth
30. Which of the following Christian denominations was among the earliest to arrive in Nigeria? (a) Pentecostal (b) Seventh-Day Adventist (c) Roman Catholic (d) Deeper Life
31. The spread of Islam in West Africa was also aided by the use of ________, which became a language of learning. (a) English (b) Hausa (c) Arabic (d) Yoruba
32. All of these are negative impacts of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade except ________. (a) loss of able-bodied individuals (b) increased inter-group warfare (c) introduction of new crops like cassava (d) destruction of local economies
33. Early European missionaries often established ________ alongside their churches to facilitate their work. (a) markets (b) schools (c) military barracks (d) palaces
34. The Portuguese traded for commodities like pepper, ivory, and cloth with the Kingdom of ________. (a) Oyo (b) Bornu (c) Benin (d) Nupe
35. The main reason for the decline of the Trans-Saharan Trade was ________. (a) the rise of the Trans-Atlantic Trade (b) desertification (c) lack of demand for goods (d) internal conflicts
36. Which of these was a key figure in the spread of Christianity in Nigeria, particularly associated with the CMS? (a) Usman Dan Fodio (b) Ajayi Crowther (c) Mansa Musa (d) Oba Esigie
37. The advent of Christianity in Nigeria also led to the introduction of ________, which empowered women. (a) polygamy (b) female education (c) child marriage (d) purdah
38. Which of the following was a reason for the initial acceptance of Islam by some West African rulers? (a) fear of military invasion (b) desire for political and economic ties with North Africa (c) opposition to traditional religions (d) influence of European powers
39. The term “Middlemen” in the context of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade refers to ________. (a) European traders (b) African chiefs who sold slaves (c) plantation owners (d) abolitionists
40. An example of a commodity that gained prominence during the Legitimate Trade era was ________. (a) gold (b) slaves (c) palm oil (d) salt

SECTION B: THEORY (30 Marks)
Instruction: Answer any THREE questions.

1. (a) Briefly explain the nature of the Trans-Saharan Trade. (2 marks)
(b) Identify two key commodities exchanged during the Trans-Saharan Trade and two impacts of this trade on West Africa. (3 marks)
(c) State two ways Islam spread in West Africa and mention one prominent ruler who accepted it. (3 marks)
(d) Name two reasons for the rapid spread of Islam in West Africa. (2 marks)

2. (a) What was the primary purpose of early European contact with West Africa? (2 marks)
(b) Describe the interaction between the Portuguese and the Kingdom of Benin during their initial contact. (3 marks)
(c) Explain two negative impacts of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade on West African societies. (3 marks)
(d) Define ‘Legitimate Trade’ and state one product of this trade. (2 marks)

3. (a) How did Christian missionaries arrive in Nigeria in the 19th century? (2 marks)
(b) Discuss two significant impacts of the advent of Christianity and Western education in Nigeria. (3 marks)
(c) Outline two factors that led to the abolition of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade. (3 marks)
(d) Mention one key figure associated with the spread of Christianity in Nigeria and one with the abolition movement. (2 marks)

4. (a) Identify two main routes used in the Trans-Saharan Trade. (2 marks)
(b) Explain how the conversion of powerful rulers contributed to the spread of Islam in West Africa. (3 marks)
(c) List two ways the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade was organized. (3 marks)
(d) Name two early European groups involved in contact with West Africa and one commodity they sought. (2 marks)

Objective Marking Scheme

Question 1 – ✅ (b) Trans-Saharan Trade
Question 2 – ✅ (b) gold
Question 3 – ✅ (c) North African traders
Question 4 – ✅ (c) introduction of Christianity
Question 5 – ✅ (b) Timbuktu to Sijilmasa
Question 6 – ✅ (b) Benin
Question 7 – ✅ (a) Triangular Trade
Question 8 – ✅ (c) depopulation and social disruption
Question 9 – ✅ (b) the Legitimate Trade
Question 10 – ✅ (b) convert people to Christianity
Question 11 – ✅ (c) Mansa Musa
Question 12 – ✅ (c) Western education
Question 13 – ✅ (b) oil
Question 14 – ✅ (b) its simplicity and appeal through trade
Question 15 – ✅ (b) primarily for trade and exploration
Question 16 – ✅ (d) introduction of new diseases
Question 17 – ✅ (b) Atlantic Ocean
Question 18 – ✅ (b) Church Missionary Society (CMS)
Question 19 – ✅ (b) humanitarian concerns and industrial revolution
Question 20 – ✅ (d) using motor vehicles
Question 21 – ✅ (b) spread
Question 22 – ✅ (b) raw materials for manufactured goods
Question 23 – ✅ (c) Askia Muhammad
Question 24 – ✅ (c) Esigie
Question 25 – ✅ (b) educational and social systems
Question 26 – ✅ (c) military raids and destruction
Question 27 – ✅ (c) search for oil
Question 28 – ✅ (a) capture of slaves, sale in Africa, journey to Americas
Question 29 – ✅ (b) growth of cities like Timbuktu
Question 30 – ✅ (c) Roman Catholic
Question 31 – ✅ (c) Arabic
Question 32 – ✅ (c) introduction of new crops like cassava
Question 33 – ✅ (b) schools
Question 34 – ✅ (c) Benin
Question 35 – ✅ (a) the rise of the Trans-Atlantic Trade
Question 36 – ✅ (b) Ajayi Crowther
Question 37 – ✅ (b) female education
Question 38 – ✅ (b) desire for political and economic ties with North Africa
Question 39 – ✅ (b) African chiefs who sold slaves
Question 40 – ✅ (c) palm oil