Examination on Basic Science
Class: Primary 5
Term: First Term
Time: 1 Hour
Total Marks: 70

SECTION A: OBJECTIVES (40 Marks)
Instruction: Answer all questions.

1. ________ is the process by which soil and rock materials are removed from one place to another. (a) Pollution (b) Erosion (c) Recycling (d) Composting
2. The washing away of topsoil by heavy rainfall is a major cause of ________. (a) environmental quality (b) waste disposal (c) soil erosion (d) air pollution
3. An example of a natural cause of erosion is ________. (a) deforestation (b) overgrazing (c) rainfall (d) bush burning
4. Which of the following is a way to control erosion? (a) Bush burning (b) Deforestation (c) Planting trees (d) Overgrazing
5. All of these are effects of erosion except ________. (a) loss of fertile land (b) flooding (c) increased crop yield (d) damage to roads
6. Which of these is NOT a type of air pollutant? (a) Smoke (b) Dust (c) Exhaust fumes (d) Clean water
7. The main reason for air pollution in urban areas is ________. (a) excessive rainfall (b) industrial activities (c) planting trees (d) proper waste disposal
8. The correct step in reducing water pollution is to ________. (a) throw refuse into rivers (b) pour chemicals into drains (c) treat sewage before discharge (d) wash vehicles in streams
9. Which of these is not an effect of water pollution? (a) Death of aquatic animals (b) Spread of diseases (c) Availability of clean drinking water (d) Unpleasant smell
10. Waste materials that are solid in nature are generally referred to as ________. (a) sewage (b) refuse (c) liquid waste (d) toxic waste
11. Pouring liquid waste into gutters and drains is a method of ________. (a) solid waste disposal (b) liquid waste disposal (c) recycling (d) composting
12. All of these are types of waste except ________. (a) refuse (b) sewage (c) clean air (d) industrial waste
13. Which of the following is a method of solid waste disposal? (a) Discharging into rivers (b) Incineration (c) Flushing down toilets (d) Pouring into the ground
14. The process of converting waste materials into new useful products is called ________. (a) pollution (b) erosion (c) recycling (d) degradation
15. Washing and re-using plastic containers is an example of ________. (a) salvaging (b) composting (c) re-using waste (d) landfill
16. Which is NOT an advantage of waste recycling? (a) Reduces amount of waste (b) Conserves natural resources (c) Increases pollution (d) Creates employment opportunities
17. Maintaining a healthy environment helps to promote ________. (a) diseases (b) good health (c) environmental degradation (d) waste accumulation
18. Which of these is a material used for environmental sanitation? (a) Dirty water (b) Broom (c) Spoilt food (d) Old tires
19. Failure to maintain a healthy environment can lead to ________. (a) improved quality of life (b) spread of epidemics (c) beautiful surroundings (d) increased tourism
20. All of these are ways to maintain a healthy environment except ________. (a) regular cleaning (b) proper waste disposal (c) indiscriminately dumping refuse (d) planting flowers

SECTION B: THEORY (30 Marks)
Instruction: Answer any THREE questions.

1. (a) Define erosion in your own words. (2 marks)
(b) List three natural causes of erosion. (3 marks)
(c) Explain two ways in which erosion can be controlled. (3 marks)
(d) State two negative effects of erosion on the environment. (2 marks)

2. (a) What is air pollution? (2 marks)
(b) Give three sources of air pollution in our communities. (3 marks)
(c) Describe two ways to control or reduce air pollution. (3 marks)
(d) Mention two effects of water pollution on living things. (2 marks)

3. (a) Differentiate between refuse and sewage. (2 marks)
(b) List three methods of solid waste disposal. (3 marks)
(c) Explain how liquid waste should be properly disposed of. (3 marks)
(d) State two problems caused by improper waste disposal. (2 marks)

4. (a) What is meant by waste recycling? (2 marks)
(b) Give three advantages of waste recycling. (3 marks)
(c) Describe two ways you can re-use or recycle waste at home. (3 marks)
(d) Name two materials that can be recycled. (2 marks)

5. (a) Define environmental quality. (2 marks)
(b) List three ways to maintain a healthy environment. (3 marks)
(c) State three materials commonly used for environmental sanitation. (3 marks)
(d) Give two advantages of having a healthy environment. (2 marks)

Objective Marking Scheme

Question 1 – ✅ (b) Erosion
Question 2 – ✅ (c) soil erosion
Question 3 – ✅ (c) rainfall
Question 4 – ✅ (c) Planting trees
Question 5 – ✅ (c) increased crop yield
Question 6 – ✅ (d) Clean water
Question 7 – ✅ (b) industrial activities
Question 8 – ✅ (c) treat sewage before discharge
Question 9 – ✅ (c) Availability of clean drinking water
Question 10 – ✅ (b) refuse
Question 11 – ✅ (b) liquid waste disposal
Question 12 – ✅ (c) clean air
Question 13 – ✅ (b) Incineration
Question 14 – ✅ (c) recycling
Question 15 – ✅ (c) re-using waste
Question 16 – ✅ (c) Increases pollution
Question 17 – ✅ (b) good health
Question 18 – ✅ (b) Broom
Question 19 – ✅ (b) spread of epidemics
Question 20 – ✅ (c) indiscriminately dumping refuse