Examination on Basic Science
Class: JSS 2
Term: First Term
Time: 1 Hour
Total Marks: 70

SECTION A: OBJECTIVES (40 Marks)
Instruction: Answer all questions.

1. ________ is the natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism. (a) Ecosystem (b) Habitat (c) Community (d) Niche
2. An example of an organism found in an aquatic habitat is a ________. (a) Lion (b) Fish (c) Monkey (d) Goat
3. The ability of an organism to adjust to its environment in order to survive is called ________. (a) Evolution (b) Adaptation (c) Competition (d) Predation
4. Which of the following describes a terrestrial habitat? (a) Water-based (b) Land-based (c) High salinity (d) Deep ocean
5. All of these are types of habitat except ________. (a) Aquatic (b) Aerial (c) Terrestrial (d) Marine
6. Which of these is NOT an adaptive feature of organisms in aquatic habitats? (a) Gills (b) Fins (c) Streamlined body (d) Strong limbs for running
7. A monkey’s ability to swing from tree to tree is an adaptation to which type of habitat? (a) Aquatic (b) Terrestrial (c) Arboreal (d) Desert
8. The relationship where organisms compete for limited resources in a habitat is known as ________. (a) Mutualism (b) Commensalism (c) Competition (d) Parasitism
9. Which of the following is a common characteristic of organisms sharing a habitat? (a) They all eat the same food (b) They all have similar body sizes (c) They interact with each other (d) They are all of the same species
10. The main reason for human beings’ uniqueness among living things is their ________. (a) Speed (b) Strength (c) Intelligence (d) Size
11. ________ is the ability of humans to think logically and make decisions. (a) Instinct (b) Reflex (c) Reasoning (d) Mimicry
12. A unique human characteristic related to problem-solving is ________. (a) Mimicry (b) Inquisitiveness (c) Hibernation (d) Camouflage
13. The process of recording changes in height, weight, and size over time is called measurement of ________ changes. (a) Behavioural (b) Emotional (c) Growth (d) Genetic
14. Which of the following is an index used to measure human growth changes? (a) Blood pressure (b) Body temperature (c) Height (d) Heart rate
15. All of these are stages of human development except ________. (a) Infancy (b) Adolescence (c) Adulthood (d) Metamorphosis
16. The stage of human development characterized by rapid physical and hormonal changes is ________. (a) Infancy (b) Childhood (c) Adolescence (d) Adulthood
17. Which of these is NOT a characteristic feature of infancy? (a) Rapid growth (b) Learning to walk (c) Developing abstract thinking (d) Dependence on caregivers
18. Temporary growth changes are those that ________. (a) Last a lifetime (b) Are reversible (c) Are genetic (d) Are permanent
19. An example of a permanent developmental change in humans is ________. (a) Hair growth (b) Pubertal changes (c) Learning to ride a bicycle (d) Getting a haircut
20. The main factor that significantly affects human growth and development is ________. (a) Weather conditions (b) Nutrition (c) Type of clothing (d) Amount of sleep
21. ________ is the term for how an individual perceives their own physical self. (a) Self-esteem (b) Body image (c) Personality (d) Identity
22. Which of these is a physical feature that contributes to body image? (a) Intelligence (b) Kindness (c) Skin colour (d) Honesty
23. Puberty can cause significant effects on body image and ________. (a) Academic performance (b) Behaviour (c) Financial status (d) Social media usage
24. Misconceptions about beauty often arise from influences in the ________. (a) Family (b) School (c) Media (d) Church
25. Which of these statements highlights individual uniqueness? (a) Everyone is the same (b) All people have identical physical features (c) Each person has distinct characteristics (d) Beauty is defined by external standards
26. Organisms living in an arboreal habitat are typically adapted for ________. (a) Swimming (b) Burrowing (c) Climbing (d) Flying
27. The natural home of a camel is a ________ habitat. (a) Aquatic (b) Arboreal (c) Terrestrial (d) Marine
28. Gills in fish are an adaptive feature for respiration in a(n) ________ habitat. (a) Terrestrial (b) Arboreal (c) Aquatic (d) Aerial
29. Which is NOT a common characteristic shared by organisms in the same habitat? (a) Access to similar food sources (b) Interaction with each other (c) Being of the same species (d) Adapting to similar environmental conditions
30. The unique human ability to make observations and draw conclusions is called ________. (a) Intuition (b) Inference (c) Imagination (d) Imitation
31. The measurement of time and weight are examples of unique human abilities related to ________. (a) Emotional intelligence (b) Problem-solving (c) Abstract thinking (d) Sensory perception
32. ________ is the consistent increase in size, height, and weight of an organism. (a) Development (b) Maturation (c) Growth (d) Transformation
33. The changes in an individual from infancy to adulthood, including mental and social skills, are part of ________. (a) Growth (b) Development (c) Maturation (d) Evolution
34. The correct step in measuring a child’s height is to use a ________. (a) Weighing scale (b) Tape measure (c) Thermometer (d) Stopwatch
35. Which of these is a characteristic feature of adulthood? (a) Rapid physical growth (b) Dependence on parents (c) Reproductive maturity (d) Play-based learning
36. The stage of human development when individuals typically start working and forming families is ________. (a) Infancy (b) Adolescence (c) Adulthood (d) Childhood
37. All of these are factors that affect growth and development except ________. (a) Heredity (b) Nutrition (c) Exercise (d) Favourite colour
38. A temporary developmental change could be ________. (a) The growth of permanent teeth (b) Learning to speak (c) The formation of bones (d) The development of secondary sexual characteristics
39. Which of the following statements about body image is true? (a) It is always based on reality (b) It is influenced by personal feelings (c) It is fixed from birth (d) It is only about weight
40. The effect of pubertal changes on behaviour often includes increased ________. (a) Dependence (b) Social awareness (c) Physical inactivity (d) Emotional stability

SECTION B: THEORY (30 Marks)
Instruction: Answer any THREE questions.

1. (a) Define the term ‘habitat’. (2 marks)
(b) List and briefly explain any three types of habitat. (3 marks)
(c) Give two examples of organisms found in a terrestrial habitat and two in an arboreal habitat. (3 marks)
(d) State two things organisms in the same habitat often have in common. (2 marks)

2. (a) What is meant by ‘adaptation’ in living things? (2 marks)
(b) Describe two adaptive features of organisms living in an aquatic habitat. (3 marks)
(c) Explain how human intelligence contributes to our uniqueness as living beings. (3 marks)
(d) Identify two unique characteristics of human beings that are not found in other animals. (2 marks)

3. (a) Differentiate between growth and development. (2 marks)
(b) List three indices used to measure growth changes in humans. (3 marks)
(c) Describe the characteristic features of the infancy stage of human development. (3 marks)
(d) Give two examples of permanent growth changes in humans. (2 marks)

4. (a) Define ‘body image’. (2 marks)
(b) List three physical features that contribute to an individual’s body image. (3 marks)
(c) Explain two ways media can influence misconceptions about beauty. (3 marks)
(d) State two factors that can affect human growth and development. (2 marks)

Objective Marking Scheme

Question 1 – ✅ (b) Habitat
Question 2 – ✅ (b) Fish
Question 3 – ✅ (b) Adaptation
Question 4 – ✅ (b) Land-based
Question 5 – ✅ (d) Marine
Question 6 – ✅ (d) Strong limbs for running
Question 7 – ✅ (c) Arboreal
Question 8 – ✅ (c) Competition
Question 9 – ✅ (c) They interact with each other
Question 10 – ✅ (c) Intelligence
Question 11 – ✅ (c) Reasoning
Question 12 – ✅ (b) Inquisitiveness
Question 13 – ✅ (c) Growth
Question 14 – ✅ (c) Height
Question 15 – ✅ (d) Metamorphosis
Question 16 – ✅ (c) Adolescence
Question 17 – ✅ (c) Developing abstract thinking
Question 18 – ✅ (b) Are reversible
Question 19 – ✅ (b) Pubertal changes
Question 20 – ✅ (b) Nutrition
Question 21 – ✅ (b) Body image
Question 22 – ✅ (c) Skin colour
Question 23 – ✅ (b) Behaviour
Question 24 – ✅ (c) Media
Question 25 – ✅ (c) Each person has distinct characteristics
Question 26 – ✅ (c) Climbing
Question 27 – ✅ (c) Terrestrial
Question 28 – ✅ (c) Aquatic
Question 29 – ✅ (c) Being of the same species
Question 30 – ✅ (b) Inference
Question 31 – ✅ (c) Abstract thinking
Question 32 – ✅ (c) Growth
Question 33 – ✅ (b) Development
Question 34 – ✅ (b) Tape measure
Question 35 – ✅ (c) Reproductive maturity
Question 36 – ✅ (c) Adulthood
Question 37 – ✅ (d) Favourite colour
Question 38 – ✅ (b) Learning to speak
Question 39 – ✅ (b) It is influenced by personal feelings
Question 40 – ✅ (b) Social awareness