Components of mobile phone. Hardware component of mobile for JSS 1

Class: JSS 1
Term: First Term
Week: 6
Age: 12 years
Duration: 45 minutes
Subject: Computer Hardware and GSM Repairs
Curriculum Theme: Introduction to mobile phone repair
Focal competence: Recognize types of mobile phones and their basic components
Key competencies/values: Communication; Collaboration; Cooperation
Skills:

• Assembling mobile phone component parts

Previous Lesson: Types of mobile phone and Components of mobile phone
Topic: Basic Components Of Mobile Phone: Components Of Mobile Phone.: Hardware Component
Subject Matter: Components of mobile phone

Specific Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils/students should be able to:

Cognitive Domain

• identify the components of mobile;
• describe the hardware components of mobile phone such as keyboard, motherboard;
• identify types of mobile phone.

Affective Domain

• cooperate with group members during practical activities;
• collaborate effectively in identifying mobile phone types;
• communicate their observations clearly.

Psychomotor Domain

• assemble mobile phone component parts.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

• 2025 Revised 9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
• Relevant State Unified Scheme of Work
• Basic Computer Hardware and GSM Repairs for Junior Secondary Schools, Book 1
• The HeadTeacher Scheme of work

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

• Mobile phone (functional and disassembled)
• Earpiece
• Antenna
• Mouthpiece
• Keypads
• Casing
• Charging port
• Power button (on/off)
• Volume key (up/down)
• RAM
• ROM
• Various Multimeter
• Soldering Iron (for demonstration, not student use)
• Lead sucker (for demonstration)
• Screw drivers
• Accessories
• Manuals
• Software gadgets (for visual reference)
• Video clips on mobile phone components and assembly

Rationale for the Lesson

This lesson provides students with foundational knowledge of mobile phone hardware, which is essential for understanding how these devices work. It helps students recognise different components and their functions, laying the groundwork for future repair and maintenance skills. This practical understanding is crucial for navigating the increasingly technology-driven world.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Students have a basic understanding of what a mobile phone is and may have used one before. They also have a general idea of simple electronic devices.

Lesson Content/Board Summary

Basic Components Of Mobile Phone: Hardware Component

Types of Mobile Phones

Mobile phones come in different designs and functionalities. Some common types include:

1. Feature Phones (or Basic Phones) – These are simpler phones primarily used for calls and texts, with limited internet access and applications.
2. Smartphones – These are advanced mobile phones that combine the functions of a personal computer, camera, and media player. They run on operating systems like Android or iOS and offer extensive internet connectivity and applications.
3. Flip Phones – Phones with a hinged body that folds in half, often seen in older models but sometimes still available.
4. Slide Phones – Phones with a screen that slides up to reveal a keypad.

Components of Mobile Phones

A mobile phone is made up of many parts that work together. These parts can be broadly categorised into hardware components and software components.

Hardware Components of Mobile Phones

Hardware components are the physical parts of the mobile phone. They include:

1. Motherboard (Printed Circuit Board – PCB) – This is the main circuit board that connects all other components of the phone. It is like the brain and nervous system of the phone.
2. Processor (CPU) – The central processing unit, responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations.
3. Memory (RAM and ROM) –
   1. RAM (Random Access Memory) – Stores data that the phone is actively using, allowing for quick access. It is temporary memory.
   2. ROM (Read-Only Memory) – Stores permanent system software and data that cannot be easily altered, like the phone’s operating system.
4. Screen/Display – The part that shows images and information. It can be an LCD, LED, or OLED display, and often includes a touchscreen.
5. Battery – Provides power to the phone, allowing it to operate wirelessly.
6. Camera – Used for taking photos and recording videos. Phones often have front and rear cameras.
7. Speaker – Produces sound, such as ringtones, music, and voices during calls.
8. Microphone (Mouthpiece) – Converts sound (like your voice) into electrical signals for transmission during calls or recordings.
9. Keypad/Keyboard – Used for inputting numbers, letters, and commands on phones that are not fully touchscreen.
10. Casing/Housing – The outer body or shell of the phone that protects the internal components.
11. Charging Port – The connector used to charge the phone’s battery and sometimes for data transfer.
12. Antenna – Responsible for sending and receiving wireless signals for calls, texts, and internet connectivity.
13. Vibrator Motor – Creates vibrations for silent alerts.
14. Power Button (On/Off) – Used to turn the phone on or off and often to lock/unlock the screen.
15. Volume Keys (Up/Down) – Used to adjust the sound level of the phone.
16. Earpiece – The small speaker you listen through during a phone call.

Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques

Discussion, Demonstration, Guided Practice, Question and Answer, Explanation, Observation, Group Work, Practical Activity.

Instructional Procedures

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Engaging/Questioning

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the students and asks them what they understand by a “mobile phone” and how important it is in their daily lives. The teacher then introduces the topic: “Basic Components of Mobile Phone: Hardware Component.”

Pupils’ Activity: Students respond to the questions and listen attentively to the introduction of the topic.

Learning Point: Mobile phone introduction

Step 2: Identifying Types of Mobile Phones

Time: 8 minutes

Teaching Skill: Brainstorming/Demonstration

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays different types of mobile phones (e.g., a feature phone and a smartphone) or pictures. The teacher then leads a brainstorming session, asking students to identify and differentiate between various types of mobile phones they know.

Pupils’ Activity: Students participate in the brainstorming, identifying and discussing different types of mobile phones.

Learning Point: Mobile phone types

Step 3: Identification of Mobile Phone Components

Time: 8 minutes

Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Explanation

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays a mobile phone and points out its external components (e.g., screen, casing, buttons, charging port, camera lens). The teacher then shows a partially disassembled phone or diagrams to highlight internal components like the battery and motherboard.

Pupils’ Activity: Students observe the mobile phone and diagrams, identifying the components as pointed out by the teacher.

Learning Point: Component identification

Step 4: Describing Hardware Components

Time: 8 minutes

Teaching Skill: Explanation/Illustration

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher describes the function of key hardware components such as the motherboard, keyboard, screen, battery, RAM, ROM, speaker, and microphone, using the disassembled phone or clear diagrams to illustrate each part.

Pupils’ Activity: Students listen and ask questions for clarification, taking mental notes of the functions of each component.

Learning Point: Hardware components description

Step 5: Practical Demonstration of Assembly

Time: 6 minutes

Teaching Skill: Demonstration/Modelling

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher demonstrates how to carefully disassemble and reassemble simple mobile phone component parts (e.g., removing and replacing a back cover, battery, or SIM tray) using appropriate tools like screwdrivers.

Pupils’ Activity: Students observe the teacher’s demonstration carefully, paying attention to the steps and tools used.

Learning Point: Mobile phone assembly demonstration

Step 6: Group Assembly Activity

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Practice/Group Work

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher divides students into groups and provides each group with a simple mobile phone (if available) or relevant components. The teacher guides them to practice assembling or disassembling basic parts under supervision, emphasising careful handling.

Pupils’ Activity: Students work in groups to practice assembling mobile phone component parts, collaborating and assisting each other.

Learning Point: Component assembly practice

Step 7: Evaluation/Review

Time: 5 minutes

Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher evaluates the learning by asking the following questions:

1. Mention two types of mobile phones.
2. Identify any three hardware components of a mobile phone.
3. What is the function of the motherboard in a mobile phone?
4. Demonstrate how to attach a phone back cover.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils answer orally and in writing.

Learning Point: Component identification and assembly

Step 8: Note-Taking

Time: 4 minutes

Teaching Skill: Guided Writing

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides pupils/students to copy the essential Board Summary notes into their notebooks, ensuring they capture the key types and hardware components discussed.

Pupils’ Activity: Pupils/students copy the notes carefully into their notebooks.

Learning Point: Essential notes recording

Step 9: Conclusion

Time: 2 minutes

Teaching Skill: Summarising

Teacher’s Activity: The teacher summarises the lesson by reiterating the importance of understanding mobile phone components for repair and maintenance, commending students for their participation.

Pupils’ Activity: Students listen to the summary and prepare for the next lesson.

Learning Point: Lesson summary

Continuous Assessment/Further Study

Type: Homework

Instruction: Answer the following questions in your notebook:

1. Draw a simple diagram of a mobile phone and label at least five external hardware components.
2. List and briefly explain the function of any three internal hardware components of a mobile phone.
3. Research and write down two differences between RAM and ROM in a mobile phone.

Lesson Keywords

• Mobile phone – A portable telephone that can make and receive calls over a radio frequency link while the user is moving within a telephone service area.
• Hardware – The physical components of a computer or electronic device.
• Component – A part or element of a larger whole.
• Motherboard – The main printed circuit board found in general purpose computers and other expandable systems.
• Keypad – A set of push-buttons arranged in a block or pad, used for inputting numbers, symbols, or commands.
• Casing – The outer protective cover or housing of an electronic device.
• RAM – Random Access Memory, a type of computer memory that can be accessed randomly.
• ROM – Read-Only Memory, a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices.

Differentiation

For learners who may struggle, provide simplified diagrams of mobile phone components and offer direct assistance during the group assembly activity. Faster learners can be challenged to research additional components not covered in the lesson or to identify the specific functions of different buttons on a mobile phone.

Suggested Lesson Videos

For further understanding of mobile phone components and their functions, search on YouTube for: jss1 mobile phone hardware components

Teacher Guide for Using This Lesson Plan

Before the lesson, gather all instructional materials, especially a functional mobile phone and a disassembled one or detailed diagrams. Ensure screwdrivers and other tools are available for demonstration and supervised group activities. Begin by engaging students with their prior knowledge of mobile phones before introducing the topic. Guide the identification of mobile phone types and then systematically describe the various hardware components. The practical demonstration and group assembly activity are crucial for hands-on learning; supervise closely to ensure safety and proper handling of components. Allow students to copy the Board Summary notes after the practical sessions to consolidate their learning. Encourage questions throughout the lesson and use the evaluation questions to check understanding before concluding.