Note for teachers using this lesson plan
Before this lesson, prepare an alphabet chart, flashcards for letters Kk and Ll with associated pictures (e.g., kite, key, lion, leaf), and ensure pupils have their writing notebooks and pencils ready. The central idea is for pupils to confidently recognise and pronounce letters Kk and Ll, and to practise pre-writing patterns and tracing. Success will be evident when pupils can identify Kk and Ll, say their sounds, and trace them with guidance.
Class: Pre-School Level 3
Term: Second Term
Week: 6
Age: 4 years
Duration: 30 minutes
Subject: Literacy
Curriculum Theme: Not separately stated in the scheme.
Previous Lesson: Recognition, pronunciation and pre-writing patterns for letters Gg and Hh.
Topic: Letters Kk-Ll Recognition, Pronunciation and Pre-Writing Patterns
Subject Matter: Identifying letters Kk – Ll. Pattern making. Recognition and pronunciation of letters Kk and Ll. Tracing of different patterns. Making pre-writing skills (scribbles).
Specific Objectives
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
Cognitive Domain
- Identify uppercase ‘K’ and lowercase ‘k’.
- Identify uppercase ‘L’ and lowercase ‘l’.
- Pronounce the sound of letter ‘Kk’ correctly.
- Pronounce the sound of letter ‘Ll’ correctly.
- Name objects that start with the /k/ sound.
- Name objects that start with the /l/ sound.
Affective Domain
- Show enthusiasm during alphabet songs and letter recognition activities.
- Listen attentively to the teacher’s instructions and demonstrations.
Psychomotor Domain
- Trace pre-writing patterns (e.g., vertical, horizontal, slanting lines, curves) in their notebooks.
- Trace uppercase ‘K’ and lowercase ‘k’ in their notebooks.
- Trace uppercase ‘L’ and lowercase ‘l’ in their notebooks.
- Make simple scribbles in their notebooks.
Social Domain
- Participate in group activities like singing and repeating sounds.
- Share learning materials like crayons and pencils (if applicable).
Reference Materials
- NAPPS National Unified Teaching Scheme for Pre-School Level 3
- Relevant Early Childhood Care and Education resources
Instructional Materials
- Alphabet chart (Aa-Zz)
- Flashcards for letters Kk and Ll (uppercase and lowercase)
- Picture cards of objects starting with Kk (e.g., Kite, Key) and Ll (e.g., Lion, Leaf)
- Writing notebooks
- Pencils and crayons
- Whiteboard/Blackboard and markers/chalk
Rationale for the Lesson
This lesson is crucial for Pre-School Level 3 pupils as it builds foundational literacy skills by introducing new letters, their sounds, and pre-writing practice. Mastering letter recognition and pre-writing patterns at this age prepares children for formal reading and writing, enhancing their fine motor skills and phonetic awareness.Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge
Pupils can recognise and pronounce some letters of the alphabet (Aa-Jj). They can also make simple scribbles and trace basic lines.Lesson Content/Board Summary
Letters Kk-Ll: Recognition, Pronunciation and Pre-Writing Patterns
Introduction to Letters Kk and Ll
* Kk: Uppercase K, lowercase k. * Sound: /k/ (as in ‘kite’, ‘key’) * Example words: Kite, Key, King * Ll: Uppercase L, lowercase l. * Sound: /l/ (as in ‘lion’, ‘leaf’) * Example words: Lion, Leaf, LampPre-Writing Patterns
* Vertical Lines: | | | | * Horizontal Lines: — — — — * Slanting Lines: / / * Curves: ( ) C J * Circles: O O O O * Scribbles: Free movement of pencil on paper.Tracing Letters Kk and Ll
* Uppercase K: Start at the top, draw a straight line down. Go back to the middle, slant up and out. Go back to the middle, slant down and out. * Lowercase k: Start at the top, draw a straight line down. Go to the middle, draw a small slant in and out. * Uppercase L: Start at the top, draw a straight line down. From the bottom, draw a straight line across to the right. * Lowercase l: Start at the top, draw a straight line down.Sound and Action Rhyme for Kk and Ll
Tune: “Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star”
Lyrics:
Kk says /k/, /k/, /k/,
Like a kite flying high.
Ll says /l/, /l/, /l/,
Like a lion passing by.
Kk and Ll, we learn today,
Letters we will trace and play!
Actions: For Kk, make a ‘k’ shape with fingers, then hands flying like a kite. For Ll, make an ‘l’ shape, then hands like a lion’s paws. For tracing, move finger in the air.
Watch and Practise
Key Words
- Kk – The eleventh letter of the alphabet.
- Ll – The twelfth letter of the alphabet.
- Kite – A toy flown in the air, held by a string.
- Lion – A large wild cat, known as the king of the jungle.
- Trace – To draw over a line or pattern.
- Scribble – To draw or write carelessly or quickly.
💡 Teacher Guide for Using This Board Summary
How to teach the content: Begin by displaying the alphabet chart and pointing to Kk and Ll. Introduce each letter (uppercase and lowercase) one at a time, clearly pronouncing its sound. Show the picture cards for example words (Kite, Key, Lion, Leaf) and have pupils repeat the words and sounds. Demonstrate the pre-writing patterns on the board, emphasizing direction, before guiding pupils to trace them. Then, demonstrate tracing Kk and Ll on the board, showing the correct starting points and strokes.
What to show or demonstrate: Use large flashcards for Kk and Ll. Draw the pre-writing patterns (vertical, horizontal, slanting, curves, circles) on the board. Demonstrate tracing Kk and Ll clearly and slowly on the board or in a large format. Show how to hold the pencil correctly for tracing and scribbling.
How to use the rhyme/song: Introduce the “Kk and Ll Sound and Action Rhyme” after presenting both letters. Sing it slowly first, demonstrating the actions. Repeat the rhyme 2-3 times, encouraging pupils to join in with the sounds and actions. This helps reinforce the letter sounds and associated words in a fun, active way.
How to use the video: Introduce the video as a fun way to learn more about Kk and Ll. Play the video once for pupils to watch. After watching, encourage pupils to repeat the sounds and words they heard in the video. You can replay specific parts to reinforce pronunciation or letter recognition.
What to watch for: Observe pupils’ ability to identify Kk and Ll on flashcards and the chart. Listen for correct pronunciation of the /k/ and /l/ sounds. Watch their pencil grip and the direction of their tracing for patterns and letters. Encourage all pupils to participate, offering individual support to those who struggle with fine motor skills or sound articulation.
Teaching Methods/Instructional Techniques
Play-based Learning, Demonstration, Guided Practice, Songs and Rhymes, Picture Talk, Question and Answer, Repetition, Practical Activity.Instructional Procedures
Step 1: Introduction
Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Engagement/Review
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher greets the pupils, leads them in singing the “ABC Song,” and quickly reviews previous letters (Gg, Hh) by showing flashcards and asking pupils to identify them.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils greet the teacher, sing the “ABC Song,” and identify letters Gg and Hh.
Learning Point: Pupils recall previous knowledge and get ready for the new lesson.
Step 2: Presentation of Letter Kk
Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays flashcards for uppercase ‘K’ and lowercase ‘k’. The teacher says the letter name and its sound /k/ clearly. The teacher shows picture cards of words starting with Kk (e.g., Kite, Key) and pronounces them, emphasizing the /k/ sound.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the flashcards, listen to the teacher, and repeat the letter name, sound /k/, and example words (Kite, Key).
Learning Point: Pupils recognise letter Kk and associate it with its sound and example words.
Step 3: Guided Practice for Letter Kk
Time: 4 minutes
Teaching Skill: Guided Practice
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides pupils to say the /k/ sound repeatedly. The teacher demonstrates air tracing of uppercase ‘K’ and lowercase ‘k’ and asks pupils to imitate.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils repeat the /k/ sound and practise air tracing Kk following the teacher’s demonstration.
Learning Point: Pupils practise the pronunciation and formation of letter Kk through air tracing.
Step 4: Presentation of Letter Ll
Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation/Demonstration
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher displays flashcards for uppercase ‘L’ and lowercase ‘l’. The teacher says the letter name and its sound /l/ clearly. The teacher shows picture cards of words starting with Ll (e.g., Lion, Leaf) and pronounces them, emphasizing the /l/ sound.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils observe the flashcards, listen to the teacher, and repeat the letter name, sound /l/, and example words (Lion, Leaf).
Learning Point: Pupils recognise letter Ll and associate it with its sound and example words.
Step 5: Guided Practice for Letter Ll
Time: 4 minutes
Teaching Skill: Guided Practice
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher guides pupils to say the /l/ sound repeatedly. The teacher demonstrates air tracing of uppercase ‘L’ and lowercase ‘l’ and asks pupils to imitate. The teacher then leads the class in singing the “Kk and Ll Sound and Action Rhyme.”
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils repeat the /l/ sound, practise air tracing Ll, and sing the rhyme with actions.
Learning Point: Pupils practise the pronunciation and formation of letter Ll and reinforce both letters through a rhyme.
Step 6: Pre-Writing Patterns and Tracing Kk-Ll
Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Practical Application/Supervision
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher demonstrates drawing simple pre-writing patterns (vertical, horizontal, slanting lines, curves, circles) on the board. The teacher then guides pupils to open their notebooks and practise making these patterns. The teacher writes Kk and Ll in pupils’ notebooks for them to trace, and encourages them to make their own scribbles.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils practise drawing pre-writing patterns, trace Kk and Ll in their notebooks, and make scribbles.
Learning Point: Pupils develop fine motor skills and pre-writing readiness by tracing patterns and letters.
Step 7: Evaluation/Review
Time: 4–5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Questioning/Assessment
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher checks pupils’ understanding through short questions and practical tasks.
- Show me letter Kk on the chart.
- What sound does Kk make?
- Show me letter Ll on the chart.
- What sound does Ll make?
- Trace Kk in the air.
- Trace Ll in the air.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils respond orally and demonstrate the required skill where appropriate.
Learning Point: Pupils demonstrate understanding of the lesson.
Step 8: Conclusion
Time: 1 minute
Teaching Skill: Summary/Reinforcement
Teacher’s Activity: The teacher praises the pupils for their participation and effort. The teacher reminds them to keep practising their letters and patterns at home.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils listen to the teacher and respond to praise.
Learning Point: Pupils feel encouraged and are motivated to continue learning.
Lesson Keywords
- Kk – The eleventh letter of the English alphabet.
- Ll – The twelfth letter of the English alphabet.
- Kite – A light frame covered with paper or cloth, flown in the wind.
- Lion – A large powerful wild animal of the cat family.
- Trace – To copy by drawing over lines.
- Scribble – To draw or write without a clear purpose or form.
Differentiation
- Support: For pupils struggling with tracing, provide larger-sized letters and patterns. Guide their hands gently (hand-over-hand) to help them feel the strokes. Offer more verbal cues and repetition of sounds.
- Extension: For pupils who quickly grasp the concept, encourage them to identify other objects in the classroom or around them that start with Kk or Ll. They can also try to draw simple pictures of objects starting with these letters after tracing.
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