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Lesson Note on Origin, Location and States of Some Nigerian People for Primary 4
Lesson Notes

Lesson Note on Origin, Location and States of Some Nigerian People for Primary 4

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Royal Alikor
May 15, 2025
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Class: Primary 4
Term: 3rd Term
Subject: History
Curriculum Theme:
Previous Lesson: Major Historical Features and Sites in Nigeria: Shrines, Museums and Cultural Centers
Topic: Some Nigerian People
Content/Learning Area: Origin of the people, location/states
Time Allocation: 40 Minutes

Performance Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  • cognitive domain: Identify the origin of some Nigerian people.
  • Affective Domain: Show appreciation for the diversity of Nigerian people.
  • psychomotor Domain: Locate the states were these people are predominantly found on a map.
  • Social Domain: Participate in discussions about the different Nigerian people and their cultures.

Reference Materials

  1. Nigeria Primary History Book 4
  2. 9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
  3. Abuja Educational Resource Center Scheme of work
  4. NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work

Instructional Materials

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will employ the help of the following materials: Map of Nigeria, pictures of people from different Nigerian ethnic groups, textbooks, and writing materials.

Rationale for the Lesson

Understanding the origin and location of different Nigerian people promotes national unity and cultural awareness among pupils.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils are familiar with the map of Nigeria and can identify some states.

Lesson Content

Some Nigerian People: Origin and Location

Origin of the People

Origin of the people refers to the historical roots and migration patterns of different ethnic groups in Nigeria.

Nigeria is home to a wide range of ethnic groups, each with its own history, language, and traditions. These groups have contributed significantly to Nigeria’s cultural, social, and political landscape. Below are some of the major ethnic groups in Nigeria, their origins, and where they are located:

1. The Hausa

  • Origin: The Hausa people are believed to have originated from the ancient Hausa Kingdoms, which existed for over a thousand years in what is now northern Nigeria.

  • Location: They predominantly live in the northern states of Nigeria, such as Kano, Katsina, Sokoto, and Zamfara. They are one of the largest ethnic groups in Nigeria.

2. The Yoruba

  • Origin: The Yoruba people trace their origin to the ancient kingdoms of Oyo and Ifẹ, which were powerful kingdoms in pre-colonial Nigeria. Yoruba civilization dates back to the 11th century.

  • Location: They are primarily found in the southwestern states of Nigeria, including Lagos, Ogun, Ondo, Ekiti, Osun, and Oyo.

3. The Igbo

  • Origin: The Igbo people are thought to have descended from early settlers who established their kingdoms and societies in the southeastern part of Nigeria. They have a long history of advanced political and social organization.

  • Location: The Igbo people predominantly live in the southeastern states of Anambra, Enugu, Imo, Ebonyi, and Abia.

4. The Fulani

  • Origin: The Fulani people are one of the largest nomadic ethnic groups in West Africa. They are believed to have originated from the Senegambia region, migrating eastward over centuries. The Fulani are known for their cattle-herding and pastoral lifestyle.

  • Location: The Fulani people are widely spread across Nigeria, particularly in the northwestern and northern regions. Major states with significant Fulani populations include Kano, Kaduna, Sokoto, Bauchi, and Yobe. They are also present in parts of Adamawa and Gombe.

5. The Kanuri

  • Origin: The Kanuri people have their roots in the Kanem-Bornu Empire, which was a powerful medieval empire located in the Lake Chad region. Their history dates back over a thousand years.

  • Location: They are mainly found in the northeastern part of Nigeria, particularly in Borno and Yobe states.

6. The Tiv

  • Origin: The Tiv people are believed to have migrated from the Central African Republic to settle in Nigeria over 300 years ago. They are known for their agricultural and traditional leadership practices.

  • Location: They mainly reside in Benue State and parts of Taraba State in central Nigeria.

7. The Efik

  • Origin: The Efik people are one of the oldest ethnic groups in southeastern Nigeria, believed to have originated from the kingdom of Calabar. Their history is closely linked to the Atlantic slave trade.

  • Location: They primarily live in Cross River State and Akwa Ibom State.

8. The Ibibio

  • Origin: The Ibibio people are one of the oldest ethnic groups in southeastern Nigeria, with a rich history of kingdoms and cultural practices dating back thousands of years.

  • Location: They are mostly found in Akwa Ibom State, as well as parts of Cross River State.

9. The Ijaw

  • Origin: The Ijaw people trace their roots to early riverine civilizations in Nigeria, particularly the Niger Delta region. Their history includes the formation of coastal city-states.

  • Location: They live primarily in the Niger Delta region, in states like Bayelsa, Rivers, Delta, and Akwa Ibom.

10. The Idoma

  • Origin: The Idoma people are part of the larger Niger-Congo group of ethnicities. Their origins are believed to be from the Middle Belt, and they have a strong presence in the region’s traditional kingdoms.

  • Location: They mostly live in Benue State.

11. The Shona

  • Origin: The Shona people are native to areas near the eastern border of Nigeria, and their culture traces back to early agricultural and mining practices.

  • Location: Though originally from other parts of Africa, some members of the Shona ethnic group have settled in parts of Ogun and Lagos states.

12. The Edo

  • Origin: The Edo people are from the Benin Kingdom, one of the oldest and most advanced African civilizations, with a rich history in arts and politics.

  • Location: They mainly reside in Edo State, especially in cities like Benin City.

13. The Ndebele

  • Origin: The Ndebele people are an indigenous ethnic group originally from southern Africa. They have settled in parts of Nigeria, particularly in the North Central region.

  • Location: They are mostly located in Kogi State.

14. The Berom

  • Origin: The Berom people are believed to have lived in the Jos Plateau for hundreds of years. They are known for their agricultural practices and rich cultural heritage.

  • Location: They are primarily found in Plateau State.

15. The Nkanu

  • Origin: The Nkanu people trace their origin to the ancient Nkanu Kingdom, which was part of the larger Igbo civilization in southeastern Nigeria.

  • Location: They mainly reside in Enugu State.

16. The Ikwerre

  • Origin: The Ikwerre people are part of the Igbo ethnic group but have their own distinct cultural identity. Their origins are linked to the ancient migration patterns from the Igbo heartland.

  • Location: They predominantly live in Rivers State, particularly around Port Harcourt, which is the state capital.

17. The Urhobo

  • Origin: The Urhobo people are one of the prominent ethnic groups in the Niger Delta region. They are believed to have descended from ancient kingdoms and have a history tied to early fishing, farming, and trading practices.

  • Location: They mainly live in Delta State, particularly in the Urhobo region around Warri and Sapele.

Each of these groups contributes significantly to Nigeria’s cultural diversity, and their histories and traditions have helped shape the nation’s past and present.

Teaching Methods

To deliver this lesson,‌ ⁤the teacher will⁤ adopt⁤ the following methods: Discussion, Explanation, Visual Aids, Storytelling, Question and Answer.

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Set Induction
Teacher’s Activity: Begin by asking the pupils questions about the different people or tribes they know in Nigeria and where these tribes come from. Use a map of Nigeria to point out different regions as you ask about the Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo, and other ethnic groups.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils will respond with any knowledge they have about the people or tribes they are familiar with in Nigeria. They may name ethnic groups and try to guess where they come from.

Step 2: Explaining the Concept of Origin of People

Time: 7 minutes
Teaching Skill: Explanation
Teacher’s Activity: Explain the term “Origin of the People,” referring to the historical roots and migration patterns of various ethnic groups. Use a visual aid like a map to demonstrate the migration routes of ethnic groups like the Fulani, Yoruba, and Hausa.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils will listen attentively, taking notes where necessary, and ask questions if they do not understand any of the points.

Step 3: Ethnic Groups in Nigeria – Part 1

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Presentation
Teacher’s Activity: Introduce the first five ethnic groups (Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo, Fulani, Kanuri). Explain their origins and locations on a map. Use storytelling to highlight important historical aspects of each group, such as the founding of ancient kingdoms or empires.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils will listen to the teacher’s explanation, make notes, and engage in any discussions or clarifications.

Step 4: Ethnic Groups in Nigeria – Part 2

Time: 10 minutes
Teaching Skill: Presentation
Teacher’s Activity: Continue by introducing the next set of ethnic groups (Tiv, Efik, Ibibio, Ijaw, Idoma). Point out their locations on a map and provide additional context about their origins and unique cultural practices.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils will actively participate in taking notes and may ask questions about the groups and their locations.

Step 5: Note-Taking

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Guided Practice
Teacher’s Activity: Ask the pupils to summarize what they have learned about the origin and location of each ethnic group in the lesson. Guide them to ensure they have noted key points about the groups and their regions.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils will write down key points from the lesson and ensure they have clearly understood each ethnic group’s origin and location.

Step 6: Evaluation/Review

Time: 3 minutes
Teaching Skill: Evaluation
Teacher’s Activity: Ask the pupils questions about the ethnic groups discussed in the lesson to assess understanding. For example, “Where do the Yoruba primarily live?” or “What is the origin of the Igbo people?”
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils will answer the questions based on what they have learned. The teacher will provide feedback to confirm correct answers and correct any misunderstandings.

Step 7: Conclusion

Time: 5 minutes
Teaching Skill: Conclusion
Teacher’s Activity: Summarize the lesson by briefly reviewing the different ethnic groups, their origins, and locations. Encourage the pupils to continue researching the different ethnic groups of Nigeria and their cultures.
Pupils’ Activity: Pupils will listen attentively and ask any final questions they may have.

Lesson Keywords

  • Origin – The point or place where something begins or is created.
  • Location – A particular place or position.
  • Ethnic Group – A community or population made up of people who share a common cultural background or descent.
  • Migration – Movement of people from one place to another.
  • Civilization – The stage of human social and cultural progress and organization that is considered most advanced.

Lesson Evaluation

To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:

  1. Name two states where the Yoruba people are predominantly found.
  2. Where do the Igbo people trace their origin?
  3. Who is Bayajidda in the history of the Hausa people?
  4. Describe the general location pattern of the Fulani people in Nigeria.

Assignment/Homework

  1. Research and write a short note on another Nigerian ethnic group not discussed in class.
  2. draw a map of Nigeria and label the states where the yoruba, Igbo, and Hausa people are predominantly found.

Differentiation

  • for slower learners: Provide simplified notes and focus on identifying the main states for each ethnic group.
  • For advanced learners: Encourage them to research and present on the cultural practices of the different ethnic groups.
  • For visual/auditory/kinesthetic learners: Use maps,videos,and role-playing activities to enhance understanding.

Note for teachers

ensure to use visual aids and interactive methods to engage pupils. Encourage pupils to share their personal experiences and knowledge about different ethnic groups to foster a sense of inclusivity and respect for diversity.